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Human color vision depends fundamentally on three spectral types of cone photoreceptors, yet methods to objectively measure these types across the whole visible spectrum in the living human eye do not exist. Here we demonstrate a new method based on phase-sensitive adaptive optics optical coherence tomography that offers the sensitivity and resolution to obtain spectral sensitivities with extremely high precision from 450-635 nm. We present the first objective measurements of human cone spectral sensitivity from 450 – 635 nm for all three cone types and demonstrate a path for quantifying spectral sensitivity over the whole visible spectrum.
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Marcel T. Bernucci, Kazuhiro Kurokawa, Furu Zhang, Yan Liu, James A. Crowell, Donald T. Miller, "Noninvasive method to objectively measure the spectral sensitivity of individual cone photoreceptors using AO-OCT," Proc. SPIE 11623, Ophthalmic Technologies XXXI, 1162312 (5 March 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578429