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In aqueous environments crosslinked hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOL) can form fluid-filled microvacuoles (MV). The water inclusions lead to reflection and scattering of light at the interface of the MV which causes the IOLs to become cloudy. This phenomenon is called glistening. A new approach to reduce glistening is to decrease the free volume and therefore the space for water inclusions in acrylic hydrophobic materials. By using certain types and amounts of crosslinkers, the size and density of MVs can be controlled to eliminate the glistening phenomenon without using hydrophilic comonomers. The procedure has only a slight influence on other physical parameters and can even improve them with the right choice of structure and amount of the crosslinker.
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N. Heidary, F. Noll, N. Hampp, "Design of glistening-free hydrophobic polymers," Proc. SPIE 12360, Ophthalmic Technologies XXXIII, 123600X (14 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2656316