Ms. Angiolella Lombardi Profile

Angiolella Lombardi

at Veneto Agricoltura

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Proceedings Article | 1 June 2022 Presentation + Paper

Determination of CO2 and H2 content in the headspace of spore contaminated milk by Raman gas analysis

Cristian Andrighetto, Lorenzo Cocola, Paola De Dea, Massimo Fedel, Angiolella Lombardi, Fabio Melison, Luca Poletto

Proceedings Volume 12120, 1212003 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2618476

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Carbon monoxide, Stray light, Spectroscopy, Carbon dioxide, Contamination, Raman scattering, Liquids, Oxygen, Glasses

Read Abstract +

Despite developments in the dairy industry, blowing defects in cheese due to Clostridium contamination continues to be a problem. Traditional microbiological detection methods used in dairy industries to detect spores are time consuming and limited in efficiency and sensitivity. Many alternative approaches of detecting butyric acid clostridia in milk still pose a major challenge for microbiologists. According to the fermentative butyric acid production, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are also produced as byproducts during fermentation. As a consequence, during the incubation of contaminated milk in a sealed container (such as a cuvette), the measurement of CO₂ and H₂ in the headspace can be a promising possibility for early-stage detection of the spores. A multi-gas sensor based on Raman spectroscopy was used for the measurement of CO₂ and H₂ concentration. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of Raman gas analysis to the detection of multiple gas species in sealed, transparent samples for early detection of spore contamination in milk. Two different contaminant spores were used: Clostridium tyrobutyricum and Bacillus. The first one showed an increase of CO₂ and H₂ content within 16h of incubation. The second one showed an increase of CO₂ content within 48 h of incubation. For the first time, Raman gas spectroscopy has been applied for contactless measurement of the time resolved evolution of multiple gaseous species in milk samples for spore analysis.

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