This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 12646, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and Conference Committee information.

We propose the generation of 3D linear light bullets propagating in free space using a single passive optical surface. The device is a single-layer photonic crystal slab. It can automatically transform an incident conventional Gaussian pulse into a light bullet in the reflection. Our approach also provides simultaneous control of various properties including group velocity, spin, and orbital angular momentum. Our results may advance practical applications of light bullet.

We present an analytical model for the plasmonic enhancement of metal photoluminescence (MPL) in metal nanostructures with a characteristic size below the diffraction limit. In such systems, the primary mechanism of MPL enhancement is the excitation of localized surface plasmons (LSP) by recombining carriers followed by photon emission due to LSP radiative decay. For plasmonic nanostructures of arbitrary shape, we obtain a universal expression for the MPL Purcell factor that describes the plasmonic enhancement of MPL in terms of the metal dielectric function, LSP frequency, and system volume. We find that the lineshape of the MPL spectrum is affected by the interference between direct carrier recombination processes and those mediated by plasmonic antenna which leads to a blueshift of MPL spectral band relative to LSP resonance in scattering spectra observed in numerous experiments.

Future large telescopes for exoplanet detection and characterization will require exquisite starlight suppression capabilities as well as the ability to maintain stability over long time scales in order to detect faint signals from planets of interest. Coronagraphs can be employed to block out starlight, and wavefront sensors are routinely used to align and maintain the stability of telescopes. In this work we demonstrate steps towards making focal plane masks that can support both these functions simultaneously; wavefront sensing in reflection and starlight suppression in transmission. By making use of metasurfaces, a high-order Zernike wavefront sensor with extended dynamic range can be implemented in reflection, while a Lyot style coronagraph is implemented in transmission. Here we demonstrate design and fabrication of the reflective wavefront sensing metasurface, while at the same time detailing compatibility of this mask with coronography in transmission.

We report on development of an ultra-low loss stoichiometric silicon nitride platform for applications in wavelengths of interest to cold atom systems such as atom interferometers and clocks. Waveguide propagation loss values as low as 1.1 dB/m at λ=852 nm were achieved through a reduction in scattering and absorption losses by using a 40 nm device layer thickness and LPCVD based thermal oxide for cladding. Intrinsic Q_intrisnic=44 million and loaded Q_loaded=19 million is reported. Furthermore, we realize a tunable pair of Vernier ring filters with integrated thermo-optic tuning.

RADAR Cross Section (RCS) is an essential factor in modern defense applications for detection and identification of platforms. Careful management of RCS requirements is crucial from initial design phase to integration stage. Electrooptical sensors create discontinuities on the frame of the platform which can negatively impact the low RCS requirement. To ensure the low RCS requirement, discontinuities, either as protrusion or opening, shall be electrically conductive and optically transparent. The use of metasurfaces, designed with a periodic mesh structure, is a widely adopted approach meeting these requirements. Electromagnetic and optical performance of periodic mesh structure depend on parameters such as shape of elements, dimensions of elements, interelement spacing, substrate material parameters etc. This paper starts with the analysis of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of periodic mesh structure via equivalent circuit method (ECM) and Floquet Port Modes. ANSYS HFSS and CST MWS software are used for the analysis of Floquet Port Modes. Analysis results are compared with measurements via coaxial holder method stated in ASTM D 4935 standard. Samples used in coaxial holder is produced with photolithography. Aligned dual antennae method referred in IEEE 299 is used as verification technique. Additionally, diffraction effects from the mesh structure are analyzed and measured in the visible and mid-wave range.

This work presents a disordered metadiffuser that can achieve a uniform angular scattering distribution with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.85 at a working wavelength of λ=532 nm, as demonstrated through simulations using the Gerchberg- Saxton algorithm. Additionally, we demonstrate the capability of the metadiffuser to achieve near diffraction-limit high NA focusing (NA>0.8) through the use of a spatial light modulator and the optical phase conjugation method for wavefront shaping. Finally, we propose a deep ultraviolet (DUV) model-based optical proximity correction (OPC) system that uses optical and photoresist simulations via Hopkins’s partially coherent image formation and fully convolutional networks (FCN). This system enables larger-area device fabrication with DUV lithography while maintaining precise critical dimension (CD) of meta atoms. The proposed OPC system achieves a lithography accuracy with an average ΔCD/CD of 0.235%. These results offer promising implications for the practical application of metadiffusers and the DUV lithography technique in the field of optical devices.

We present the symphotic design method, a comprehensive variational approach suitable for designing large-scale electromagnetic metamaterial structures for desired sets of inputs and outputs. This approach provides self-consistent and efficient solutions by solving the inverse design problem under strong scattering limits within a dipole paradigm with relatively low computational complexity. We demonstrate its efficacy by designing non-perturbative symphotic media to generate two-dimensional quasi-Bessel beams for sources available at 10 GHz, and analyze the design and beam quality by varying available degrees of freedom.

We reveal the peculiarities of the trapped mode manifestation in metasurfaces composed of an array of MoS₂ disk-shaped resonators. The corresponding resonance arises as a result of the excitation of the electric octupole moment existing in each meta-atom of the metasurface and multipole coupling effects in the array. In particular, we show that the effect appears due to a lattice-induced coupling between the electric octupole and electric dipole moments in the metasurface. The coupling effect between the resonant quasi-trapped octupole mode and the suppressed electric dipole results in the appearance of the narrow-band transparency conditions in the metasurface spectra with a simultaneous storing of electromagnetic energy inside the resonators. The discussed approach is quite general and can be implemented in metasurfaces supporting Mie-type modes in meta-atoms made of different materials.

Efficiently confining light at the nanoscale within optical antennas facilitates its precise manipulation and enables the creation of nanostructures with innovative photonic functionalities. We present results of utilizing the iron pyrite antennas to precisely engineer the emissivity of mid-infrared thermal emitters. We also explore multipole Mie resonances within arrays of transition metal carbides and nitrides, specifically focusing on MXene materials. This engineering is achieved by strategically manipulating multipole resonance effects and non-radiative dissipation processes.

We demonstrate the improved purity of the emission spectra of a Yb³⁺-doped Y₃Al₅O₁₂ laser with resonant grating mirrors. When the two mirrors’ principal axes are twisted, both multiple longitudinal mode emission and dual polarization emission are suppressed. The proposed design enables a compact single mode laser, replacing more complex designs usually needed to achieve that goal.

In this paper, we propose an advanced method to jointly optimize doublet metalens and deep learning-based postprocessing networks for wide-angle and full-color imaging with high fidelity. The optical image formation module in the spatially-variant system and a reconstruction network module are implemented in a differentiable manner. By premitigating coma aberration with doublet metalens, the proposed model outperforms both cases of singlet structure and analogous electronic implementations in terms of reconstruction accuracy.

While transmission-mode metalenses have been extensively studied, reflection-mode metalenses remains almost unexplored, presenting advantages in terms of improved efficiency and reduced complexity. In this work we investigate a multilayer dielectric metalens operating in reflection mode without a metallic layer. Simulations and analysis demonstrate the performance of the metalens, with an 84% reflectivity the metalens proves its efficacy in reflection mode. At a numerical aperture of 0.15, the metalens achieves 33% focusing efficiency, facilitating efficient light manipulation and subwavelength resolution. Additionally, the metalens exhibits a well-defined focal spot with a full width at half maximum of 2.03 μm, approaching the diffraction limit.

In this work, we will present the results of the reflectance calculations at various polarizations and angle of incidences for multilayered aluminum-doped zinc oxide metamaterials. The optical permittivity data was deduced from ellipsometry measurements of the multilayered AZO/ZnO metamaterials. We found that reflectance for TM polarized light exhibits smooth minimum near ENZ spectral point and sharp increase in magnitude beyond ENZ wavelength. The various multilayered samples analysis shows that reflectance for TM-polarized incident light for samples with lower optical losses lead to a faster transition from zero to high reflectance.

Hyperbolic metamaterials have been widely used for nonlinear optical applications. Their unique functionality for nonlinear optics enhancement due to the hyperbolic dispersion is induced by a strong shape anisotropy. In this work, we numerically investigated the second-harmonic generation (SHG) in two-dimensional periodic arrays of aluminium gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) nanowires embedded in ordered porous aluminum oxide (Al2O3) or the nanowire hyperbolic metamaterial (NHMM). Under local effective medium approximation, the homogenization of the NHMM was achieved due to deep sub-wavelength size of each nanowire radius. Then this medium was classified as an effective uniaxial medium with anisotropic electric permittivity. The NHMM provided the spectral position of second-harmonic (SH) wavelength, which is determined at the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) by the optimal design of NHMM structural parameters such as AlGaAs radius or fill fraction. Consequently, a gigantic increment of SHG conversion efficiency was achieved because of dramatic phase-matching at ENZ point. This mechanism is attributed to electric field enhancement of SHG inside the metamaterial. According to numerical results, the NHMM can be applied as nonlinear frequency converters in integrated nanophotonic systems.