Urinary stone composition analysis by coherent scatter: Is a monoenergetic source necessary?

Melanie T. M. Davidson; Deidre Louise Batchelar; Sujeevan Velupillai; Ian A. Cunningham

doi:10.1117/12.535837

6 May 2004 Urinary stone composition analysis by coherent scatter: Is a monoenergetic source necessary?

Melanie T. M. Davidson, Deidre Louise Batchelar, Sujeevan Velupillai, Ian A. Cunningham

Proceedings Volume 5368, Medical Imaging 2004: Physics of Medical Imaging; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.535837
Event: Medical Imaging 2004, 2004, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Urinary stone components can be characterized through their diffraction signatures using monoenergetic or polyenergetic x rays. Sharp characteristic diffraction peaks are observed under monoenergetic conditions, facilitating component separability in measurements of stones with mixed composition. This favors uniqueness of a materials analysis solution. However, these monoenergetic techniques are either impractical (as with synchrotron radiation) or impossible to perform in situ (as with conventional low energy diffractometry). Alternatively, our approach measures signals from x-ray diffraction, or coherent scatter (CS), for stones and their components using polyenergetic x rays from diagnostic equipment, allowing for in situ applications. Although the polyenergetic x-ray spectrum is the primary contributor to the angular broadening of diffraction peaks in our measured CS cross-sections, we show that it is possible to relate the polyenergetic and monoenergetic results through a “non-stationary” convolution operation. This requires the computation of a linear superposition integral of the monoenergetic cross-section with a function representative of the polyenergetic spectrum. Experimentally acquired diffractometry cross-sections of the seven major urinary stone components were subjected to this operation, revealing good agreement of diffraction features with CS. These results indicate that angular resolution is principally hindered by the energy spectrum in CS measurements. Nevertheless, distinct scatter patterns were observed using CS, suggesting that a strictly monoenergetic beam is not required for the depiction of pure stone components.

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Melanie T. M. Davidson, Deidre Louise Batchelar, Sujeevan Velupillai, and Ian A. Cunningham "Urinary stone composition analysis by coherent scatter: Is a monoenergetic source necessary?", Proc. SPIE 5368, Medical Imaging 2004: Physics of Medical Imaging, (6 May 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.535837

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KEYWORDS

Diffraction

Medical imaging

Spatial resolution

Surgery

X-ray diffraction

Diagnostics

In situ metrology

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