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Traditional drug sensitivity assay confirms the cell death by time-consuming fixation and labeling. This snapshot evaluation neglects valuable time-course details that may provide new insight for the speed-up of drug screening. Here we develop a label-free method to early report cell senescence by the endogenous lipofuscin autofluorescence. After drug treatment, we found the lipofuscin red autofluorescence greatly increased in apoptotic and necrotic cells. This approach allows the time-course observation of pharmacodynamics in 3D tumor organoids and could determine the drug sensitivity earlier than Annexin V/PI assay. This metabolic fluorescence hallmark could improve the throughput of drug sensitivity test.
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Yinghan Yan, Ling Li, Zhengying Gao, Fuqiang Xing, Kai Miao, Fangyuan Shao, Chu-Xia Deng, Leo Tsz on Lee, Tzu-Ming Liu, "Speed up the drug screening with stress-induced red autofluorescence," Proc. SPIE PC11971, High-Speed Biomedical Imaging and Spectroscopy VII, PC119710K (2 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2608401