Interferometric diffuse optics (iDO) is an exciting new class of approaches to quantitatively assess diffuse light that propagates through turbid media. Compared to classical diffuse optics, iDO provides high information content, including access to light distributions and field fluctuations resolved according to time-of-flight. This rich information content enables multi-parametric reconstruction of complex tissue geometries from a single source-collector pair. In addition, iDO affords flexibility in data acquisition, including for instance, the ability to realize of different effective time-of-flight filters by electronic modulation of the source. Such flexible data acquisition provides new opportunities for computational imaging approaches in diffuse optics, where the acquisition and reconstruction are designed together. Here we summarize the field of interferometric diffuse optics to date, categorizing hardware advances and approaches in the field. We highlight the relative strengths of each approach for different applications. Finally, we identify areas where iDO provides tangible benefits over classical diffuse optics.
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