A robust optical fibre based CO2 exhaust gas sensor operating in the mid infrared spectral range is described. It is
capable of detecting on board carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from both diesel and petrol engines. The optical fibre
sensor is not cross sensitive to other gaseous species in the exhaust such as water vapour (H2O), carbon monoxide (CO),
oxides of nitrogen (NOx) or oxides of sulphur (SOx).The response of the sensor to carbon dioxide present in the exhaust
of Fiat Croma diesel engine are presented.
Hydrogen detection is of great interest in many fields such as hydrogen concentrations around the explosive limit of 4%
or in areas where strong electrical fields are present. Optical sensors have the advantage that they are not affected by
these conditions. A comparison of three thin film sensors made of Pd, Pd Ni and Pd Ni / PTFE to detect H2 is made. The
double-sided samples are purpose built by plasma sputtering, with a thickness of 4nm on each side. It is shown that the
signal of a pure Pd deposit is strong but it cannot resist higher H2 concentrations. The Pd Ni deposit has shown good
results and is able to resolve even higher concentrations of 10% H2 but cannot resist high concentrations of H2 over many
cycles. The new Pd Ni / PTFE deposit can be used many times for concentrations up to 100% without any damage and
can detect concentrations of 1-100% of H2. Furthermore the response time for deposits of different thickness is tested.
The dynamic characteristics of an ultra-long semiconductor optical amplifier (UL-SOA) with a length of 4 mm are investigated experimentally. An optically clocked technique is applied for suppressing the patterning effects in an SOA and for exploiting effectively the fast intra-band effects. The gain dynamic in the UL-SOAs is here stabilised by a sinusoidal optical clock signal which is additionally injected into the device, bit interleaved with a PRBS data signal. The optimal operation condition of the novel scheme concerning power levels of the RZ data signal and clock signal are analysed in detail at 40 Gbit/s. We use the ultra-fast nonlinearities in the UL-SOAs for regenerating of a 40 Gbit/s data signal in amplitude, time and pulse shape. The 40 GHz recovered clock signal in the optically clocked 3R regenerator is generated by a self-pulsating three section DFB laser. An excellent regenerative performance even for strong degraded data signals is demonstrated.
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