Aiming at the problem of low calibration accuracy of the telephoto camera, a telephoto camera calibration method based on a highly robust homography matrix is proposed. In the long-distance and long-focus calibration scenario, this paper expounded and analyzed the reasons for the low calibration accuracy of the telephoto camera, and simulated and compared the influence of optimizing the distortion coefficient on the intrinsic parameters calculation in Zhang's calibration method and staged calibration method , to illustrate the importance of the precision of the homography matrix. To improve the accuracy of the homography matrix, a new optimization loss function under multiple constraints is proposed. Experiments show that the proposed telephoto camera calibration method is reasonable and effective. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional plane calibration method, our method has better calibration accuracy and robustness. When the image is slightly distorted and the noise level = 0.5pixel, the average reprojection error reaches 0.2488 pixel, and the error is reduced by 3.86%.
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