The goal of the ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) project is to build a laser centre with the worlds highest power output
pulsed laser in the locality of Dolní Břežany near Prague. Presented paper offers first glance to the insight into
continuous and pulsed beam interaction with various optical systems which causes beam's spatial and temporal
transformation. Complexity of this problem is illustrated in need of geometrical and physical optics knowledge,
numerical simulations, material engineering and many others. This paper is focused on the field trace simulations in
various software environments for both simple and more complex optical systems.
On the interface between two isotropic linear media the re°ection and transmission of separate monochro- matic waves occur in a normal incidence, which are described by Fresnel's formulas. On the interface between two nonlinear media, namely one of the media may be linear in a limit, the re°ection and the transmission are complicated by a wave mixing of di®erent frequencies. A maximum generality of improved Fresnel formulas is impossible. By using the rotating-wave approximation and the parametric approximation, a model of the parametric down-conversion has been derived in the nonlinear and quantum optics. We present a classical ex- pression of the e®ect of the wave mixing on the interface and treat even the possibility of quantum input{output relations.
We investigate two atoms coupled with a quantized field mode. Whereas one is the Jaynes-Cummings (JC)
two-level atom, the other is an autoionizing system with two discrete levels and a continuum of states. In case
interactions between the atoms do not occur, the periodic behavior of the JC atom contrasts with the autoionizing
system. We ask whether or not a seesaw-like interaction between the atoms can change the behavior of the JC
atom. We present photoelectron spectra dependent on the time for various initial states of the field mode.
Joint signal-idler photoelectron distributions of twin beams have been measured recently in two distinct regimes:
either the mean number of photon pairs per one pump pulse is lower that the number of independent modes or
vice versa. Exploiting a microscopic quantum theory for joint quasi-distributions in parametric down-conversion
based on the model of superposition of signal and noise we characterize properties of twin beams in terms of quasidistributions
using experimental data. In parallel to the microscopic model, joint signal-idler photon-number
distribution is reconstructed using the method of maximum likelihood. Negative values as well as oscillating
behavior in quantum region are characteristic for the joint signal-idler quasi-distributions of integrated intensities.
The larger the mean number of photon pairs per mode the weaker the quantum features are. However, they
survive even in the mesoscopic regime, i.e. when tens of photon pairs per mode are present on average. Also
the conditional and difference photon-number distributions are shown to be sub-Poissonian and sub-shot-noise,
respectively. Violation of classical inequalities for photon-number distributions is discussed.
We demonstrate, by direct measurement of the number of photons in signal and idler, that the twin-beam of light
produced by ps-pulsed spontaneous parametric downconversion is endowed with sub-shot-noise photon-number
correlations in a mesoscopic intensity regime (more than 1000 detected photons). The noise reduction, calculated
from the variance of the difference in the numbers of detected-photons, resulted to be 3.25 dB below the shot-noise
level. From experimental data we can recover joint photon-number distribution and a negative-valued
joint signal-idler quasi-distributions of integrated intensities, which demonstrates the nonclassical character of
the generated field.
Zeno and inverse Zeno effects are demonstrated in Raman (Brillouin) scattering of strong coherent as well as quantum pump beams including phase mismatches. Raman coupler is used to control optical beams involved by means of a linear waveguide.
We consider the arrangement of two down-conversion crystals with parallel rather than usual serial alignment, which are so close together that a linear energy exchange, for example by means of evanescent waves, is possible. We examine conditions under which the signal beams are mutually coherent.
Petr Schovanek, Jaromir Krepelka, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Miroslav Palatka, Martin Vlcek, Ladislav Soukup, Lubomir Jastrabik, Jan Ridky, Jiri Grygar, Martina Bohacova
The fluorescence detector, a component of the AUGER project, is designed to observe fluorescent light generated in interactions of high energy cosmic rays with nitrogen atoms in the Earth's atmosphere. This article present several designs of optical filters transmitting in the range 300 nm- 420 nm, where the fluorescent light is emitted. Two approaches are proposed: a system of thin dielectric layers and a combination of suitable glass plate. Quality of different filters is determined according to the value of transmittance in the required wavelength range, the shape of the transmittance curve at the edge of the transmitting window, long-term stability as well as feasibility and cost of their mass production. Selected types of filters were prepared, their parameters measured and compared with predicted values.
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