Optical and mobile broadband services have been widely adopted to support various applications including center-to-end and end-to-end communications. This raises further expectations for more and more natural and realistic communications by increasing network bandwidth and reducing latency. To support this evolution, 6G mobile is intended to increase the bandwidth to much over 10 Gbit/s and reducing the end-to-end latency to less than 1 ms. However, electrical processing is the key bottleneck to drastically increasing the bandwidth and reducing the latency in the current network architecture especially when the explosion of power consumption needs to be avoided. This paper discusses future optical network architectures and technologies to resolve the issue. In particular, it focuses on photonic networking to minimize the electrical processing across metro and access sections, and describes the technical challenges.
This paper reviews advances in sub-THz photonic frequency conversion using optoelectronic transistors for future fully coherent access network systems. Graphene-channel field effect transistors (G-FETs) and InP-based high electron mobility transistors (inP-HEMT) are experimentally examined as photonic frequency converters. Optoelectronic properties and three-terminal functionalities of the G-FETs and InP-HEMTs are exploited to perform single-chip photonic double-mixing operation over the 120 GHz wireless communication band. A single transistor can photomix the optical subcarriers to generate LO and mix down the RF data on the sub-THz carrier to the IF band.
KEYWORDS: Radio over Fiber, WDM-PON, Signal to noise ratio, Antennas, Computer simulations, Time division multiplexing, Receivers, Radio optics, Hybrid fiber radio, Wavelength division multiplexing
This paper addresses the wireless channel capacity in small cells provided by RoF-DAS over WDM-PON that can increase the capacity in a small cell with RoF entrance link and MIMO distributed antenna. Considering the SNR of the RF signal transmitted in the RoF entrance network and the interferences among wireless cells, computer simulation results show the optimized cell size to maximize the MIMO channel capacity.
KEYWORDS: WDM-PON, Radio over Fiber, Antennas, Wavelength division multiplexing, Signal to noise ratio, Wireless communications, Time division multiplexing, Local area networks, Telecommunications, Channel projecting optics
Radio on fiber (RoF) - distributed antenna system (DAS) over wavelength division multiplexing - passive
optical network (WDM-PON) with multiple - input multiple - output (MIMO) has been proposed as a next
generation radio access network (RAN). This system employs optical time division multiplexing (OTDM)
over one WDM channel to multiplex and transmit various types of wireless interfaces such as 3.9G, Wireless
LAN and WiMAX. A combination of star and bus topologies has employed to cover a wider service area. The
optical transmission loss is caused notably at remote base stations (RBSs) quipped on a WDM bus link. The
loss is relatively small, but at the RBS far from the center station (CS), the RBS suffers the large accumulated
loss, so the reduction of cell size provides the increasing of the number of RBSs, causes the degradation of the
SNR of RoF link. This paper addresses this trade-off problem, and considers the application to the actual
service area by the channel capacity investigation of RoF-DAS over WDM-PON with computer simulation.
Then, this paper focuses on the flexibility of RoF-DAS over WDM-PON, considers the adaptive wireless cell
configuration according to population fluctuations of day and night, or densely populated areas and sparsely
populated areas, respectively.
KEYWORDS: Quadrature amplitude modulation, Phase shift keying, Modulation, Stars, Signal attenuation, Thick film dielectric electroluminescent technology, Modulators, Semiconductor lasers, Systems modeling, Digital signal processing
In this paper, we study the performance of star quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals with various
constellations for hierarchically-modulated PON systems that overlay an over 20-Gbps PSK signal on a 10-Gbps on-off
keying (OOK) signal; previous work examined only the performance of an 8-star QAM signal. A star QAM signal
consists of a PSK signal with lower amplitude (inner-PSK signal) and a PSK signal with higher amplitude (outer-PSK
signal). We propose to decrease the modulation level of the inner-PSK signal and increase that of the outer-PSK signal
with the goal of improving the bit error rate performance in some conditions. Simulations indicate the minimum required
received power for the various constellations examined: it is shown that effective design depends on the extinction ratio.
For example, 10-star QAM improves the minimum required received power by 3 dB compared to 8-star QAM when the
extinction ratio is 12 dB.
We describe a novel architecture of broadband ubiquitous femto-cell network with MIMO distributed antenna systems
accommodated in WDM-PON. A technical convergence of WDM-PON and time division multiplexed RoF techniques
can realize the universality of base stations with various types of broadband air interfaces, the increase of wireless access
throughput, and the scalability of service area covered by MIMO distributed antenna systems. We discuss the
configuration of MIMO antenna systems, transmission scheme of MIMO RF signals over WDM-PON, and
configurations of center station and base stations. The preliminary experiments of proposed network architecture are
demonstrated.
Fiber to the home (FTTH) is now the most popular fixed Internet access service in Japan; it has been attracting far more
customers than ADSL since early 2005. Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (PONs) have been proven to be the
most promising approach since they realize not only point-to-multipoint bidirectional connections for broadband data
communication but also video distribution in a very cost effective manner. This paper first reviews such PON
technologies as well as other optical technologies to support the massive deployment of these PONs in terms of further
reducing the cost, especially with regard to operation/installation and to further increasing user friendliness towards the
full-scale FTTH era. It next discusses possible technical directions for future optical access networks (OANs), and
review recent research towards them. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is one of the important technologies in
realizing the future OANs.
This paper describes the evolution of future WDM networks that use multi-wavelengths to realize several network functions.
together with the implications of technology enhancements.
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