Antimony sesquisulfide Sb2S3, an emerging low-loss phase change material, has attracted great interest for its unique properties, enabling its huge potential applications in programmable integrated optics. A reconfigurable mode converter is proposed and demonstrated numerically assisted by a rectangle Sb2S3 inlaid in a slab 4H-SiC waveguide. A threedimension finite-difference time-domain (3D FDTD) method is employed to simulate and optimize the proposed structure. The TM0-to-TM1 mode conversion is realized with transmittances (T) of 0.91 and mode purity (MP) of 93% at the wavelength of 1550 nm in the crystalline Sb2S3 state. When the Sb2S3 is switched to the amorphous state, the mode-conversion effect disappears, and the incident TM0 mode propagates unimpededly with T > 0.99 and MP > 97.64% within the waveband from 1500 nm to 1600 nm. The nonvolatile reconfigurable mode converter can contribute to programmable photonic integrated circuits and neuromorphic optical computing.
A reconfigurable polarization rotator is proposed and demonstrated numerically assisted by a right-angle Sb2S3 inlaid in a slab SiC waveguide. The crystalline Sb2S3 enables a 90° polarization rotation with transmittances (T) of -0.22 dB and polarization conversion efficiency (PCE) of 98.36% at the wavelength of 1500 nm. This rotation effect disappears with T > -0.014 dB and PCE < 3.16% within the waveband from 1500 nm to 1600 nm when the Sb2S3 is switched to the amorphous state. The reconfigurable polarization rotator can contribute to the programmable photonic integrated circuits and neuromorphic optical computing.
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