Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as promising room temperature quantum sensors for probing condensed matter phenomena ranging from spin liquids, 2D magnetic materials, and magnons to hydrodynamic flow of current. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the NV center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the photonic spin density. We demonstrate this probe both for the case of a single NV center and an ensemble of NV centers. The spinning field of light induces an effective static magnetic field in the spin qubit probe. We perform room-temperature sensing using Bloch sphere operations driven by a microwave field (XY8 protocol) to detect the photonic spin density induced effective static magnetic field.
KEYWORDS: Near field optics, Nanophotonics, Sensors, Polarization, Photons, Diamond, Temperature metrology, Photon polarization, Optical testing, Near field
Photonic spin density (PSD) in the near-field gives rise to exotic phenomena such as photonic skyrmions, optical spin-momentum locking and unidirectional topological edge waves. Experimental investigation of these phenomena requires a nanoscale probe that directly interacts with PSD. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond can be used as a quantum sensor for detecting the spinning nature of photons. This room temperature magnetometer can measure the local polarization of light in ultra-subwavelength volumes through photon-spin-induced virtual transitions. The direct detection of light's spin density at the nanoscale using NV centers in diamond opens a new frontier for studying exotic phases of photons as well as future on-chip applications.
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