Structured light and structured matter are two fascinating branches of modern optics that recently started having a significant impact on each other. However, integrating structured light, which commonly is created using bulk optics, on miniaturized silicon chips represents a significant challenge. In this talk, we discuss fundamental optical phenomena at the interface of structured light and engineered optical structures, including theoretical and experimental studies of light-matter interactions of vector and singular optical beams in optical metamaterials and microcavities. The synergy of complex beams, such as the beams carrying an orbital angular momentum (OAM), with nanostructured “engineered” media is likely to bring new dimensions to the science and applications of structured light ranging from fundamentally new regimes of spin-orbit interaction to novel ways of information encoding for the future optical communication systems.
We show that unique optical properties of engineered micro- and nanosctructures open unlimited prospects to “engineer” light itself. We discuss several approaches to ultra-compact structured light wavefront shaping using metal-dielectric and all-dielectric resonant metasurfaces. Moreover, by exploiting the emerging non-Hermitian photonics design at an exceptional point, we demonstrate a microring laser generating a single-mode OAM vortex lasing with the ability to precisely define the topological charge of the OAM mode. We show that the polarization associated with OAM lasing can be further manipulated on demand, creating a radially polarized vortex emission. Our OAM microlaser could find applications in the next generation of integrated optoelectronic devices for optical communications in both quantum and classical regimes.
The concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry exploits the interplay between the material loss and gain to attain novel optical phenomena such as exceptional point and unidirectional light propagation. Here we experimentally demonstrate a PT symmetry breaking laser that allows unique control of the resonant modes. In contrast to conventional ring cavity lasers with multiple competing modes, our on-chip InGaAsP/InP based PT microring laser exhibits intrinsic single-mode lasing regardless of the gain spectral bandwidth. Thresholdless parity-time symmetry breaking due to the rotationally symmetric structure leads to stable single-mode operation at the specific whispering gallery mode order.
Nanophotonics is finding myriad applications in information technology, health care, lighting and sensing. Plasmonics,
as one of the most rapidly growing fields in nanophotonics, has great potential to revolutionize many applications in
nanophotonics, including bio-sensing, imaging, lighting, photolithography and magnetic recording. In this chapter, we
explore the electrodynamics of plasmonic fields on different structured metallic chips and demonstrate how to
manipulate light from nano to micro scale on the structure plasmonic chips. We investigate on-chip plasmonic
metamaterials with novel material responses and functionalities in nanometers, develop the design methodology for
plasmonic chips compatible with the conventional Fourier optical devices in microns and sub-millimeters, as well as
construct sophisticated chip-scale integration of optical elements with feature sizes on different length scales.
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