Organic photodiodes (OPDs) have in recent years reached a level of performance
comparable to their inorganic counterparts. Using additives like PMMA, we were able
to tune the transparency and viscosity of a P3HT:PCBM photoactive blend while at
the same time achieving a two-fold enhancement of the detection speed.
Furthermore, we have developed approaches towards the digital realization of image sensors using aerosol jet printing and a direct-printed patterning technique utilizing the self organization of functional inks. These techniques allow for a reproducible deposition of multilayer devices with high registration
accuracies and feature sizes down to a few microns. We present a comprehensive electrical
and optical characterization of these printed image sensors. The devices exhibit specific detectivities of
>1E12 Jones over a broad wavelength range (400-750 nm) and maximum responsivities of 0.25
A/W. An entirely printed matrix image sensor composing of 256 individual pixels with
an individual active area of ≈250 μm × 300 μm was fabricated.
The individualized functionalization of mass-produced microstructures is still challenging for the process technology. Here, a rroll-to-roll based process hot embossing is presented for the production of microfluidic structures by means of hot embossing is presented. The resulting microfluidic channels are functionalized modified with different materials. Thereby, digital printing technologies such as aAerosoljet or inkjet are used. This approach allows for mass production of microfluidic channels and their the individualized individual functionalizationfunctionalization of mass produced microfluidic channels. The encapsulation of the channels also takes placeis realized in an R2R-based thermal bonding process without adding any solvent or adhesive.
Taking account ofUsing this approach, several sensor systems for gas and / or fluid detection could be demonstrated. Surface -eEnhanced Raman Scattering scattering (SERS) with amplification enhancement factors of up to 107 [1] is demonstrated by printing gold nanoparticles into the microfluidic channel. We evaluate the printed SERS structures using solutions of rhodamine 6G and adenosine as exemplary analytes.
Furthermore, these channels could be functionalized with different fluorescent organic semiconductors. Their fluorescence intensity is quenched in the presence of a nitroaromatic compounds. By using different materials simultaneously, we are able to measure a fingerprint like pattern of different analytes, which we evaluated by means ofusing pattern recognition algorithms. This method can be used both in the gas phase (electronic nose) and in fluids (electronic tongue) for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds [2,3]. With the opto-electronic nose, we were able to reach detections limits below 1ppb.
[1] A. Habermehl et al, Sensors 17, 2401 (2017).
[2] N. Bolse et al, Flexible and Printed Electronics 2, 024001 (2017)
[3] N. Bolse et al, ACS Omega 2 (10), 6500-6505 (2017)
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