Mid-infrared conventional solitons and soliton molecules are generated in a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fluoride fiber oscillator, where a semiconductor saturable absorber is used as the mode locker and a polarization beam splitter is employed for getting linearly polarized output pulses. By rotating the half-wave plate in front of the polarization beam splitter to change the output coupling ratio, the system is switchable between conventional solitons and soliton molecules. conventional solitons with a pulse duration of 120 ps, a maximum average power of 248 mW, and a repetition rate of 44.5 MHz are obtained when the oscillator operates in the single-pulse mode-locked state. By decreasing the output coupling ratio, the operating regime of the oscillator switches to the soliton-molecule mode-locked state, in which soliton-triplets equally distributed at a repetition rate of 44.5 MHz with a signal-to-noise ratio of 78 dB and a temporal separation of 60 ps are obtained. Our work offers a scheme to realize switchable operations between the conventional soliton and the soliton molecule in the mid-infrared polarization-maintaining mode-locked fiber laser.
We have successfully demonstrated a high-power erbium-doped fluoride glass fiber laser operating at 2.94 μm. The system achieved continuous operation with an output power of 7.1 W at 2.94 μm. The all-fiber Fabry–Perot laser cavity was constructed using an 11.5 m, 7 mol. % Er3+ :ZBLAN fiber with two fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) having reflectivities of 99.7% and 29.2%. These fiber Bragg gratings were inscribed using a 513 nm femtosecond (fs) laser direct-writing technique. To prevent deterioration at high output powers, an endcap was fused at the output fiber end. The system operated at 2.94 μm exhibited an overall slope efficiency of 20.5% in relation to the launched pump power at 980 nm, and demonstrated a single-mode output beam quality with M2 < 1.2.
In this paper, a high power Tm3+-doped fiber laser (TDFL) based on a monolithic master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system with the center wavelength is 1940 nm is demonstrated. The maximum laser power was measured to be 200 W with a slope efficiency of 56.2% at the 793 nm pump power of 368.6 W. Power stability of the laser output over 60 min is measured to be ~0.12%, which indicate a relatively stable laser operation of the TDFL. The output power is limited by the available pump power for the lack of amplified spontaneous emission, parasitic oscillation or self-pulsing effects even at the maximum output power level, showing further power scaling should be possible with increase the pump power.
An all-fiber mid-infrared enhanced supercontinuum laser source, spanning from ~2 μm to ~4.2 μm, was demonstrated in an erbium-doped ZBLAN fiber amplifier. A 2 μm low repetition rate noise like-pulse mode-locked fiber laser was adopted as the pulse seed for the system. Thanks to using a new-type homemade silica-fluoride fiber pump combiner, the 2.8 μm pulses in the supercontinuum were amplified in the erbium-doped ZBLAN fiber amplifier with all-fiber structure. Due to soliton self-frequency shift, long wavelength components were generated and a 1.4 W mid-infrared enhanced supercontinuum with up to 97% of the power beyond 2.7 μm was obtained in the erbium-doped ZBLAN fiber. This research demonstrated a compact and simple in-amplifier mid-infrared supercontinuum generation with all-fiber structure.
We demonstrate the first 60 W Tm3+-doped all-fiber laser with single-mode 10/130 fiber and compact air-cooling thermal management way at 1945 nm. The overall optical conversion efficiency reaches 42.2%. High laser power stability of <1.5% is obtained during a continuous test time of >15 hours. The spectra linewidth at maximum output is evaluated as only 0.19 nm. Meanwhile, its direct bonding applications on kinds of transparent plastics are presented.
We demonstrate the bleaching characteristics of Cr2+: CdSe (Cr: CdSe) crystal around 2 μm and prove that Cr: CdSe crystal is an effective saturable absorber to obtain Q-switched pulsed output in Tm3+-doped fiber laser pumped Ho: YAG system. The saturable absorption property of Cr: CdSe is investigated with a pulsed source at 2090 nm. The laserinduced damage threshold of uncoated Cr: CdSe is estimated around 9.92 J/cm2 at 2090 nm with the pulse duration of 30 ns. With the measured bleaching curve, the estimated pulse saturation fluence is around 1.06 J/cm2, and the estimated ground-state absorption cross section is 8.97×10-20 cm2, which is very close to the experimental value. The preliminary laser experiments are all finished with an antireflection coated Cr: CdSe crystal to reduce the insertion loss. The maximum output pulse energy is about 1.8 mJ with repetition frequency of 685 Hz, pulse duration of 15.4 ns, and pulse peak power of 115 kW. The pulsed laser wavelength is measured to be 2090.2 nm.
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