Dr. Russel A. Martin Profile

Dr. Russel A. Martin

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 15 October 2012 Paper

Optimized diffusers for reflective mirasol displays: experience from metrology characterization

Evgeni Poliakov, Russel Martin, Ion Bita, Matthew Sampsell

Proceedings Volume 8495, 849510 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930189

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Reflectivity, Reflective displays, Mirrors, LCDs, Interferometric modulator displays, Reflection, Diffusion, Optical components, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 20 February 2007 Paper

Leakage characteristics for the buried photodiode structure on vertical CMOS image sensors

Sang-Gi Lee, Su Lim, Chang-Eun Lee, Jeong-Su Park, Sun-Kyung Bang, Sung-Hyun Kang, Russel Martin, Sanghoon Bae, Jin Won Park

Proceedings Volume 6502, 650206 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.704747

KEYWORDS: Diodes, Photodiodes, Palladium, Image quality, CMOS sensors, Silicon, Image processing, Optical filters, Boron, Doping

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1997 Paper

Resolution in information display

Russel Martin, Louis Silverstein, Thomas Fiske, David Rose

Proceedings Volume 3057, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.277023

KEYWORDS: CRTs, Optical resolution, Image resolution, Spatial frequencies, Visualization, Displays, LCDs, Modulation transfer functions, Image quality, Clocks

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Proceedings Article | 20 April 1995 Paper

Grayscale/resolution trade-off for text: model predictions and psychophysical results for letter confusion and letter discrimination

Jennifer Gille, Russel Martin, Jeffrey Lubin, James Larimer

Proceedings Volume 2411, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.207535

KEYWORDS: Spatial resolution, Visual process modeling, CRTs, Image quality, Image resolution, Visualization, Human vision and color perception, Visibility, Instrument modeling, Linear filtering

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In a series of papers presented in 1994 at SPIE1' SID2 and IDRC3, we examined the grayscale/resolution trade-off for natural images displayed on devices with discrete pixellation, such as AMLCDs. In the present paper we extend this study by examining the grayscale/resolution trade-off for text images on discrete-pixel displays. Haiftoning in printing is an example of the grayscale/resolution trade-off. In printing, spatial resolution is sacrificed to produce grayscale. Another example of this trade-off is the inherent low-pass spatial filter of a CRT, caused by the point-spread function of the electron beam in the phosphor layer. On a CRT, sharp image edges are blurred by this inherent low-pass filtering, and the block noise created by spatial quantization is greatly reduced. A third example of this trade-off is text anti-aliasing, where grayscale is used to improve letter shape, size and location when rendered at a low spatial resolution. There are additional implications for display system design from the grayscale/resolution trade-off. For example, reduced grayscale can reduce system costs by requiring less complexity in the framestore, allowing the use of lower cost drivers, potentially increasing data transfer rates in the image subsystem, and simplifying the manufacturing processes that are used to construct the active matrix for AMLCD (active-matrix liquid-crystal display) or AMTFEL (active-matrix thin-film electroluminescent) devices. Therefore, the study of these trade-offs is important for display designers and manufacturing and systems engineers who wish to create the highest performance, lowest cost device possible. Our strategy for investigating this trade-off is to generate a set of simple test images, manipulate grayscale and resolution, predict discrimination performance using the ViDEOSSarnoff Human Vision Model (see Larimer et al., 1994), conduct an empirical study of thscrimination using psychophysical procedures, and verify the computational results using the psychophysical results.

Proceedings Article | 17 June 1994 Paper

High-resolution AMLCD for the electronic library system

Russel Martin, Kathy Middo, William Turner, Alan Lewis, Malcolm Thompson, Louis Silverstein

Proceedings Volume 2219, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.177811

KEYWORDS: Electrophoretic light scattering, Image quality, Nonimpact printing, Binary data, Acquisition tracking and pointing, Image resolution, LCDs, CRTs, Cockpit displays, Visualization

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 1994 Paper

Gray-scale/resolution tradeoff

Jennifer Gille, Ramin Samadani, Russel Martin, James Larimer

Proceedings Volume 2179, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.172697

KEYWORDS: Spatial resolution, CRTs, Gaussian filters, Zone plates, Image filtering, Image resolution, Image quality, Optical filters, LCDs, Spatial frequencies

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Proceedings Article | 27 August 1992 Paper

Color matrix display simulation based on luminance and chromatic contrast sensitivity of early vision

Russel Martin, Albert Ahumada, James Larimer

Proceedings Volume 1666, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.135979

KEYWORDS: Visual process modeling, Visualization, Spatial frequencies, Image processing, Colorimetry, Contrast sensitivity, CRTs, Image visualization, Signal processing, Mathematical modeling

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