Combining planar optics such as metalenses or metacorrectors with conventional lenses can drastically improve the optical performance of imaging systems with additional benefits such as cost, size and weight improvements. However, incorporating metacorrectors into conventional lens design requires multiscale simulations to account for the different length scale interactions. Namely, full wave scattering and geometric optics analysis is needed for the metacorrector and hybrid lens design, respectively. Multiscale inverse optimization using Sandia National Laboratories’ MIRaGE along with different wave propagation techniques and commercial-off-the-shelf GO tools are considered to accurately predict hybrid design optical performance.
Incorporating planar optics such as metalenses or metacorrectors into optical designs can drastically improve the performance of imaging systems with additional benefits such as cost, size and weight improvements. However, modeling of such hybrid lenses is challenging because of the multi-scale nature of the simulation. We demonstrate that one can combine ray optic simulations with full wave electromagnetic simulations and Fourier optics approaches to model a whole compound/hybrid lens considering all metasurface unit cell interactions and to study the effect of possible fabrication errors.
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was used to deposit titanium dioxide (TiO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and Ti02/Si02 mixtures films with any index of refraction between 1.50 for SiO, and 2.35 for TiO2. We fabricated simple inhomogeneous and multilayer filters, namely rugate filters and quarter-wave stacks, as well as more sophisticated inhomogeneous filters, multiband rugate filters. We showed that inhomogeneous filters cause less light scattering than their multilayer counterparts.
In the present work, we describe innovative approaches and properties that can be added to the already popular thin film optically variable devices (OVD) used on banknotes. We show two practical examples of OVDs, namely (i) a pair of metameric filters offering a hidden image effect as a function of the angle of observation as well as a specific spectral property permitting automatic note readability, and (ii) multi-material filters offering a side-dependent color shift. We first describe the design approach of these new devices followed by their sensitivity to deposition errors especially in the case of the metameric filters where slight thickness variations have a significant effect on the obtained colors. The performance of prototype filters prepared by dual ion beam sputtering (DIBS) is shown.
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