The Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) of Chile consists of many volcanoes, and all of the volcanoes are covered with snow
at the top of mountain. Monitoring snow cover variations in these regions can give us a key parameter in order to
understand the mechanisms of volcanic activity. In this study, we investigate on the volcanic activity and snow cover
interaction from snow cover area mapping, snow-line extraction. The study areas cover Mt. Villarrica and Mt. Llaima,
Chile. Both of them are most active volcanos in SVZ. Sixty Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ images are used for
observing snow cover variations of Mt. Villarrica and Mt. Llaima, spanning the 25 years from September 1986 to
February 2011. Results show that snow cover area between volcanic activity and non-activity are largely changed from
42.84 km2 to 13.41 km2, temporarily decreased 79% at the Mt. Villarrica and from 28.98 km2 to 3.82 km2, temporarily
decreased 87% at the Mt. Villarrica. The snow line elevation of snow cover retreated by approximately 260 m from
1,606m to 1,871 m at the Mt. Villarrica, approximately 266m from 1,741m to 2,007m at the Mt. Llaima. The results
show that there are definitely correlations between snow cover and volcanic activity.
The objectives of this study are to precisely observe time-series land surface temperature (LST) variations at Mt. Baekdu
using total of 23 Landsat TM and ETM+ thermal infrared (TIR) images spanning the 26 years from 1987 to 2012. For
this study, we focused on LST of vegetation area, because vegetation area has high surface emissivity. At the same time,
we used land surface temperature difference (LSTD) algorithm, which measures the LST difference between reference
and target area to minimize the atmospheric effect and the difficulty of surface emissivity determination. The results
show that most of the LSTD variations are distributed from -1 °C to 1 °C. However, the north of Mt. Baekdu has some
anomaly in June 2004, it represented about 3 °C.
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