KEYWORDS: Control systems, Field programmable gate arrays, Calibration, Sensors, Signal detection, Electronic filtering, Human-machine interfaces, Analog electronics, Phase measurement, Signal processing
The paper describes the hardware and software architecture of a control and measurement system for electromagnetic field
stabilization inside the radio frequency electron gun, in FLASH experiment. A complete measurement path has been
presented, including I and Q detectors and FPGA based, low latency digital controller. Algorithms used to stabilize the
electromagnetic field have been presented as well as the software environment used to provide remote access to the control
device. An input signal calibration procedure has been described as a crucial element of measurement process.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Analog electronics, Connectors, Clocks, Free electron lasers, Control systems, Power supplies, Computer programming, Digital electronics, Signal processing
Research in physics, biology, chemistry, pharmacology, material research and in other branches more and more
frequently use free electron lasers as a source of very intense, pulsed and coherent radiation spanning from optical, via
UV to X-ray EM beams. The paper presents FLASH laser, which now generates VUV radiation in the range of 10-50nm.
The role of low level radio frequency (LLRF) control system is shown in a superconductive linear accelerator. The
electron beam from accelerator is injected to the undulator, where it is "converted" to a photon beam. The used LLRF
system is based on FPGA circuits integrated directly with a number of analog RF channels. Main part of the work
describes an original authors' solution of a universal LLRF control module for superconductive, resonant cavities of
FLASH accelerator and laser. A modular construction of the module was debated. The module consists of a digital part
residing on the base platform and exchangeable analog part positioned on a number of daughter-boards. The functional
structure of the module was presented and in particular the FPGA implementation with configuration and extension
block for RF mezzanine boards. The construction and chosen technological details of the backbone PCB were presented.
The paper concludes with a number of application examples of the constructed and debugged module in the LLRF
system of FLASH accelerator and laser. There are presented exemplary results of quality assessment measurements of
the new system board.
KEYWORDS: Digital signal processing, Control systems, Field programmable gate arrays, Device simulation, Computer simulations, Signal processing, Data acquisition, Modulators, Free electron lasers, Multiplexers
The work describes integrated system of hardware controller and simulator of superconductive cavity. The controller was realized on FPGA chip Xilinx-VirtexII-V4000. The solution uses DSP EMBEDDED BOARD positioned on a LLRF Modular Control Platform. The algorithm was realized in VHDL using hardware multiplication components existing in VirtexII series of chips. There was obtained implementation of a device working in real-time according to the control condition demands of LLRF system for TESLA superconductive cavities. The system is predicted as a developmental stage for FLASH accelerator and FEL laser and next for XFEL. The paper describes in detail functional layer, parameter programming, control basics for particular blocks, monitoring of real-time processes. There are presented results of system usage for control of the module ACC1 of FLASH laser.
LLRF control system consists of a few basic subsystems with the basic aim to give good quality beam from the XFEL laser. Some of the se subsystems, which are described here are: transient detector, finite state machine, precise timing distribution network, EM field stabilization control loop, etc. The paper summarizes the latest developments of these systems done during the last year.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Digital signal processing, Control systems, Solar concentrators, Optoelectronics, Transceivers, Connectors, Clocks, Power supplies, Control systems design
The paper presents an idea, design and realization of a gigabit, optoelectronic synchronous massive data concentrator for the LLRF control system for FLASH and XFEL superconducting accelerators and lasers. The design bases on a central, large, programmable FPGA VirtexIIPro circuit by Xilinx and on eight commercial optoelectronic transceivers. There were implemented peripheral devices for embedded PowerPC block like: memory and Ethernet. The SIMCON 4.0 module was realized as a single, standard EURO-6HE board with VXI/VME-bus. Hardware implementation was described for the most important functional blocks. Construction solutions were presented.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, MATLAB, Control systems, Free electron lasers, Human-machine interfaces, Computing systems, Data modeling, Chlorine, Chemical elements, Computer architecture
The paper describes design and practical realization of low and high level software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based LLRF electronic equipment for TESLA. There is presented a universal solution for particular functional devices of the control system with FPGA chips. The paper describes architecture of software layers and programming solutions of hardware communication based on the proprietary Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for the Superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for TESLA experiment (Test Facility) in DESY. The examples of the build and tested software blocks were given in this paper. This documentation is a unity with TESLA Reports published in 2004 by the Elhep and describing the SIMCON hardware, ver.2.0. The paper was written in a form of a User's Manual.
KEYWORDS: Digital signal processing, Field programmable gate arrays, Clocks, Analog electronics, Control systems, Signal detection, Free electron lasers, Device simulation, Control systems design, Oscilloscopes
The paper describes design, construction and initial measurements of an eight channel electronic LLRF device predicted for building of the control system for the W-FEL accelerator at DESY (Hamburg). The device, referred in the paper to as the SIMCON 3.0 (from the SC cavity simulator and controller) consists of a 16 layer, VME size, PCB, a large FPGA chip (VirtexII-4000 by Xilinx), eight fast ADCs and four DACs (by Analog Devices). To our knowledge, the proposed device is the first of this kind for the accelerator technology in which there was achieved (the FPGA based) DSP latency below 200 ns.
With the optimized data transmission system, the overall LLRF system latency can be as low as 500 ns. The SIMCON 3.0 sub-system was applied for initial tests with the ACCl module of the VUV FEL accelerator (eight channels) and with the CHECHIA test stand (single channel), both at the DESY. The promising results with the SIMCON 3.0. encouraged us to enter the design of SIMCON 3.1. possessing 10 measurement and control channels and some additional features to be reported in the next technical note. SIMCON 3.0. is a modular solution, while SIMCON 3.1. will be an integrated board of the all-in-one type. Two design approaches - modular and all-in-one - after branching off in this version of the Simcon, will be continued.
KEYWORDS: Digital signal processing, Device simulation, Clocks, Control systems, Field programmable gate arrays, Computer simulations, Signal processing, Computer programming, Free electron lasers, Telecommunications
The paper describes integrated system of hardware controller and simulator of the resonant superconducting, narrowband niobium cavity, originally considered for the TTF and TESLA in DESY, Hamburg (now predicted for the VUV and X-Ray FEL). The controller bases on a programmable circuit Xilinx VirtexII V3000 embedded on a PCB XtremeDSP Development Kit by Nallatech. The FPGA circuit configuration was done in the VHDL language. The internal hardware multiplication components, present in Virtex II chips, were used, to improve the floating point calculation efficiency. The implementation was achieved of a device working in the real time, according to the demands of the LLRF control system for the TESLA Test Facility. The device under consideration will be referred to as superconducting cavity (SCCav) SIMCON throughout this work.
The following components are described here in detail: functional layer, parameter programming, foundations of control of particular blocks and monitoring of the real time processes. This note is accompanied by the one describing the DOOCS interface for the described hardware system. The interface was prepared in DOOCS and in Windows. The hardware and software of SIMCON was tested in CHECIA. The results were presented. While giving all necessary technical details required to understand the work of the integrated hardware controller and simulator and to enable its practical copying, this document is a unity with other TESLA technical notes published by the same team on the subject. Modeling was omitted, as it is addressed in detail in the quoted references.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Field programmable gate arrays, Control systems, Algorithm development, Device simulation, Digital signal processing, Interfaces, Computer simulations, Telecommunications, Control systems design
The paper describes the concept and realization of the DOOCS control software for FPGA-based TESLA cavity controller and simulator (SIMCON). It bases on universal software components, created for laboratory purposes and used in MATLAB based control environment. These modules have been recently adapted to the DOOCS environment to ensure a unified software to hardware communication model. The presented solution can be also used as a general platform for control algorithms development. The proposed interfaces between MATLAB and DOOCS modules allow to check the developed algorithm in the operation environment before implementation in the FPGA. As the examples two systems have been presented.
The paper describes design and practical realization of low and high level software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based LLRF electronic equipment for TESLA. There is presented a universal solution for particular functional devices of the control system with FPGA chips. The paper describes architecture of software layers and programming solutions of hardware communication based on the proprietary Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for the Superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for TESLA experiment (Test Facility) in DESY. The examples of the build and tested software blocks were given in this paper. This documentation is a unity with TESLA Reports published in 2004 by the Elhep and describing the SIMCON hardware, ver.2.0. The paper was
written in a form of a User's Manual.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Field programmable gate arrays, Device simulation, Control systems, Calibration, Free electron lasers, Data acquisition, Superconductors, Algorithm development, Visualization
The note describes integrated system of hardware controller and simulator of the resonant superconducting, narrowband niobium cavity, originally considered for the TTF and TESLA in DESY, Hamburg (now predicted for the W V and X-Ray FEL). The controller bases on a programmable circuit Xilinx VirtexII V3000 embedded on a PCB XtremeDSP Development Kit by Nallatech. The FPGA circuit configuration was done in the VHDL language. The internal hardware multiplication components, present in Virtex II chips, were used, to improve the floating point calculation efficiency. The implementation was achieved of a device working in the real time, according to the demands of the LLRF control system for the TESLA Test Facility. The device under consideration will be referred to as superconducting cavity (SCCav) SIMCON throughout this work. This document is intended to be used by end users and operators. It describes step by step how to install SIMCON in specific configuration, how and what software to copy to computer. There is described set of basic Matlab functions for developers of control algorithms. This paper also contains brief description how to use Matlab function of one algorithm with its graphic user panels. This TESLA Report is in close relations with the following TESLA Reports published previously: 2005-05, 2005-02, 2004-10. Together, these Reports make a full SIMCON manual.
KEYWORDS: Control systems, Field programmable gate arrays, Data acquisition, Device simulation, Free electron lasers, Digital signal processing, Standards development, Switching, Optical simulations, Vacuum ultraviolet
The paper describes integrated system of hardware controller and simulator of the resonant superconducting, narrowband niobium cavity, originally considered for the TTF and TESLA in DESY, Hamburg (now predicted for the VUV and X-Ray FEL). The controller bases on a programmable circuit Xilinx VirtexII V3000 embedded on a PCB XtremeDSP Development Kit by Nallatech. The FPGA circuit configuration was done in the VHDL language. The internal hardware multiplication components, present in Virtex II chips, were used, to improve the floating point calculation efficiency. The implementation was achieved of a device working in the real time, according to the demands of the LLRF control system for the TESLA Test Facility. The device under consideration will be referred to as superconducting cavity (SCCav) SIMCON throughout this work.
The following components are described here in detail: functional layer, parameter programming, foundations of control of particular blocks and monitoring of the real time processes. This note is accompanied by the one describing the DOOCS interface for the described hardware system. The interface was prepared in DOOCS and in Windows. The hardware and software of SIMCON was tested in CHECIA. The results were presented. While giving all necessary technical details required to understand the work of the integrated hardware controller and simulator and to enable its practical copying, this document is a unity with other TESLA technical notes published by the same team on the subject. Modeling was omitted, as it is addressed in detail in the quoted references.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Device simulation, Field programmable gate arrays, Control systems, Algorithm development, Data communications, Systems modeling, Interfaces, Safety, Digital signal processing
The paper describes the concept and realization of the DOOCS control software for FPGA-based TESLA cavity controller and simulator (SIMCON). It bases on universal software components, created for laboratory purposes and used in MATLAB based control environment. These modules have been recently adapted to the DOOCS environment to ensure a unified software to hardware communication model. The presented solution can be also used as a general platform for control algorithms development. The proposed interfaces between MATLAB and DOOCS modules allow to check the developed algorithm in the operation environment before implementation in the FPGA. As the examples two systems have been presented.
KEYWORDS: Digital signal processing, Signal processing, Data acquisition, Device simulation, Computer programming, Multiplexers, Control systems, Free electron lasers, Computer simulations, Modulators
The paper describes integrated system of hardware controller and simulator of the resonant superconducting, narrowband niobium cavity, originally considered for the TTF and TESLA in DESY, Hamburg (now predicted for the VUV and X-Ray FEL). The controller bases on a programmable circuit Xilinx VirtexII V3000 embedded on a PCB XtremeDSP Development Kit by Nallatech. The FPGA circuit configuration was done in the VHDL language. The internal hardware multiplication components, present in Virtex II chips, were used, to improve the floating point calculation efficiency. The implementation was achieved of a device working in the real time, according to the demands of the LLRF control system for the TESLA Test Facility. The device under consideration will be referred to as superconducting cavity (SCCav) SIMCON throughout this work.
The following components are described here in detail: functional layer, parameter programming, foundations of control of particular blocks and monitoring of the real time processes. This note is accompanied by the one describing the DOOCS interface for the described hardware system. The interface was prepared in DOOCS and in Windows. The hardware and software of SIMCON was tested in CHECIA. The results were presented.
While giving all necessary technical details required to understand the work of the integrated hardware controller and simulator and to enable its practical copying, this document is a unity with other TESLA technical notes published by the same team on the subject. Modeling was omitted, as it is addressed in detail in the quoted references.
FPGA based cavity simulator and controller is the next generation control system dedicated for high performance, low latency control algorithm development and implementation. The usage of FPGA technology gives users possibility to create many devices on one board and easy exchange, modify or improve VHDL programmed algorithms. In order to provide the full functionality of the system to the user, and meet the requirements of flexibility and extensibility, an appropriate control software is needed. This paper describes the idea and implementation of control environment dedicated for FPGA based devices. As an example of implementation, two control environments have been implemented; the laboratory software based on Matlab, and the application for accelerator operation using DOOCS environment.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Analog electronics, Digital signal processing, Control systems, Clocks, Connectors, Control systems design, Amplifiers, Resistors, Telecommunications
The paper describes design, construction and initial measurements of an eight channel electronic LLRF device predicted for building of the control system for the VUV-FEL accelerator at DESY (Hamburg). The device, referred in the paper to as the SIMCON 3.0 (from the SC cavity simulator and controller) consists of a 16 layers, VME size, PCB, a large FPGA chip (VirtexII-4000 by Xilinx), eight fast ADCs and four DACs (by Analog Devices). To our knowledge, the proposed device is the first of this kind for the accelerator technology in which there was achieved (the FPGA based) DSP latency below 200 ns. With the optimized data transmission system, the overall LLRF system latency can be as low as 500 ns. The SIMCON 3.0 sub-system was applied for initial tests with the ACC1 module of the VUV FEL accelerator (eight channels) and with the CHECHIA test stand (single channel), both at the DESY. The promising results with the SIMCON 3.0 encouraged us to enter the design of SIMCON 3.1 possessing 10 measurement and control channels and some additional features to be reported in the next technical note. SIMCON 3.0 is a modular solution, while SIMCON 3.1 will be an integrated board of the all-in-one type. Two design approaches - modular and all-in-one, after branching off in this version of the SIMCON, will be continued.
This document describes aspects of creating software for communication with hardware, especially with FPGA based systems. Features unique for FPGA systems are compared with features of the traditional electronic systems. There are discussed topics like hardware interface definition, or address space description. Connecting client application is shown with Matlab as an example. Solutions with FPGA and embedded processors are discussed.
The paper presents a flexible electronic tool for VXI register-based device development. Its prototype has been designed on a breadboard containing a one FPGA chip. The most of logic needed is described in a VHDL code which allows its easy updating. A resonance cavity controller is an application example of the tool in question.
The paper describes possible configuration of hardware and a bunch of Matlab functions of controller and simulator of the resonant superconducting, narrowband niobium cavity, originally considered for the TTF and TESLA in DESY, Hamburg (now predicted for the VUV and X-Ray FEL). The configuration of the hardware can be done in different ways to achieve the most adequate setup to the requirements.
There is described set of basic Matlab functions for advanced users and developers of control algorithms. The functions allow to configure basic features and functionality of the SIMCON device.
The paper describes design and practical realization of software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based photonic and electronic equipment. There is presented a universal solution for all relevant devices with FPGA chips and gigabit optical links. The paper describes architecture of the software layers and program solutions of hardware communication based on Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for the TESLA experiment in DESY (Hamburg). A number of practical examples of the software solutions for the SIMCON system were given in this paper.
KEYWORDS: Web services, Databases, Computer security, Safety, Control systems, Internet, Data modeling, Data processing, Optoelectronics, Information technology
The work describes selected components of a standardized, modular and interactive broadband Internet based, information system for a research and didactic unit at the WUT. There are presented descriptions of the realization of a few issues and achievements which are the results of work continuation on the web service for the Measurement Systems and Optoelectronics Unit (referred later to as the ZSPiO) of the Institute of Electronic Systems in the Department of Electronics and Information Technologies of the Warsaw University of Technology. The service is available through the ISE WUT portal www.ise.pw.edu.pl. The theoretical and design considerations were implemented practically in the existing web service. The further chapters describe all solutions and their implementations. The first part of this work was published in reference 1. The application uses broadband Internet LAN.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Control systems, Device simulation, Field programmable gate arrays, Control systems design, Superconductors, Free electron lasers, Human-machine interfaces, Data communications, Data conversion
The paper describes design and performance of the DOOCS (distributed, object oriented) based control system for the cavity simulator and controller (SIMCON). A concise description of the DOOCS system is given. Resident data types and data flow throughout the Simcon system are discussed. The basic ideas and implementation issues of the server and client application are described as well as some alternatives to the DOOCS solution (considered as partial) is presented.
KEYWORDS: Databases, Data processing, Internet, Visualization, Computer programming, Standards development, Scientific research, Chemical elements, Telecommunications, Control systems
The work describes, standardized, modular and interactive, (optical) broadband Internet based, information system for a research and didactic unit active in the university environment. The logical structure of the system was designed and realized. The structure of logical interconnections between the scientific and didactic information was embedded in the database. New solutions for the broadband processing and presentations layers were proposed. The theoretical and design considerations were implemented practically for one of the research departments at the Warsaw University of Technology. Chosen examples of the system in action were quoted.
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