This paper reviewed and summarized microwave photonics beamforming architecture which could directly apply in 5G communications in recent years. However, those research still have some limits. We investigated the connection of radio frequency (RF) links and antenna elements (AEs) at present 5G multi-antenna systems and propose a microwave photonics beamforming architecture with dynamic subarray by combing reconfigurable optical routing networks with independent optical true time delay units. Optical routing networks enable distributing signals to AEs which are any number and at any position, to accomplish the dynamic combinations of those AEs. Independent optical true-time delay units enable the array could transmit or receive the RF beams towards or from different directions simultaneously. We simulated the beam pattern of the proposed system in various communication situations to validate our concept can effectively expand the application field of microwave photonics beamforming systems and could bring the advantages of microwave photonics technology, such as large bandwidth, low loss, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and non-beam squint effect.
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