Miniaturization and low-cost laser communication terminal is the development direction of space payload. MEMS fast steering mirrors (FSM) has the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, large deflection angle, high closed-loop control bandwidth and low cost. It is a potential fast steering mirror to realize the miniaturized laser communication terminal beam high-precision scanning and pointing, and is also one of the development directions of low SWaP-C laser communication terminal technology. For space laser communication terminal pointing acquisition and tracking (PAT) system, the optical and mechanical characteristics of MEMS fast steering mirror used in beam deflection mechanism are analyzed in combination with theory and engineering application. According to the quasi-static working mode of MEMS fast steering mirror for fine pointing assembly (FPA) and point ahead angle (PAA) mechanism and the resonant working mode for nutation coherent tracking mechanism, the static and dynamic plane types, working bandwidth and scanning angle, closed-loop control accuracy, volume, weight, power consumption and reliability requirements of MEMS fast steering mirror are analyzed in detail. The technical parameters of MEMS FSM for space laser communication are presented, which can provide reference for its application in space laser communication system.
KEYWORDS: Laser communications, Laser communication terminals, Acquisition tracking and pointing, Data transmission, Control systems, Satellite communications
Space laser communication has the advantages of fast transmission rate, strong anti-interference ability and high confidentiality, and is the future development trend of high-speed data transmission in space. The laser beam dispersion angle is small, and the field of view of space environment reception is limited, so it is necessary to track the beam stably in order to realize high-speed data communication. However, due to the influence of certain environmental factors or internal factors of the terminal, the tracking process will inevitably break the chain, which can not ensure stable data communication. Acquisition and tracking is a fast servo control system. It is difficult to diagnose the cause of chain breakage by viewing the telemetry on the bus to capture the state at the moment of chain breakage after the chain is built by on-rail laser communication. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a diagnostic method of broken chain for space laser communication, so that the relevant data can be locked at the moment of broken chain after the satellite enters the orbit and the data can be transmitted back to the ground. Then the professionals can analyze the cause of the broken chain and find the corresponding solutions to modify it in the orbit.
Miniaturization is the development direction of space payload. In this paper, an integrated laser communication and lidar system is proposed. The laser communication and lidar share a hardware system, and the laser is modulated by BPSK, Chirp amplitude-modulated laser is used, and optical coherence zero-difference detection method is adopted to obtain the target range and velocity information, the composition and working principle of the system are introduced briefly, the laser communication link is analyzed, and the target detection performance under different conditions is studied. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the integrated scheme is feasible and effective, the communication rate can reach 2Gbps@(60000km,1E-7), and the effective detection range of space debris can reach more than 50km.
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