The optical properties of materials show extreme phenomena around the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) point. For instance, the nonlinear index change (Δn) becomes large for vanishing permittivity (ε), since Δn~1/sqrt(ε). Here we show the precise fabrication control of ITO’s ENZ point to a targeted ±10nm spectral wavelength at NIR. Using this capability, we demonstrate a record-efficient plasmon MZI modulator with a FOM of just VpL=0.01-mm in Silicon photonics. Furthermore, we experimental show strong (10dB) all-optical loss-change to realize optical limiting mimicking Star Trek-like ‘shielding’ for future defense capabilities against directed laser weaponry. Lastly, we discuss a viable path towards realizing integrated metatronics showing a ΔS21=8dB transmission change for a serial vs. parallel nanostructured ITO metatronic switch.
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