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Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) management is one of the major challenges in the nuclear power field. Several disposals, reprocessing and recycling techniques and concepts are proposed and implemented, however, the associated challenges have not been completely resolved yet. Therefore, in this work another useful application of SNF in space applications is explored. The overarching goal of this work is to explore the possibility of using nuclear spent fuel in the so-called ion-thrusters. The proposed design consists of a jet engine that utilizes the extraordinary radioactivity from SNF to ionize a propellant that is used as the thrust.
A preliminary basic design is proposed and then evaluated based on simulation predictions. MCNP is used to model a simplified design of the proposed Spent Nuclear Fuel Ion Propulsion Engine (SNIP) and estimate the ionization reaction rate and therefore the thrust exit velocity and specific impulse of the thruster.
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Chadi Temsamani, Mohammed Mandil, Osama Osman, Bassam A. Khuwaileh, Mohammad A. AlShabi, Mamdouh El Haj Assad, "An exploratory study for the use of used nuclear fuel in ion thrusters," Proc. SPIE 11755, Sensors and Systems for Space Applications XIV, 117550R (12 April 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2587274