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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a medical diagnostic method using low coherence optical interferometry imaging. It has the advantages of non-invasive, and high resolution, and can realize three-dimensional imaging of the internal structure of biological tissues. Traditional medical imaging techniques have some defects, such as low imaging depth of confocal microscope and low resolution of ultrasonic imaging. OCT makes up for these defects and has been widely used in various fields of medicine, which has greatly improved the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. Compared with the temporal OCT technology, the spectral OCT technology has a faster imaging speed and has basically replaced the temporal OCT technology. This paper briefly describes the imaging principle of OCT technology, and analyzes the optical properties of biological tissues, and determines the design index of OCT system. A high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography system was designed according to the indicators. A high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography system was designed according to the indicators. The central wavelength of the light source used was 840nm, the bandwidth was 180nm, the theoretical axial resolution was 1.73μm, the theoretical spectral resolution was 0.09nm, and the imaging depth was 1.96mm in the air.
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