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Cultural relics contain unique and rich historical, artistic, economic and other diversified values. However, the imitation and counterfeiting of cultural relics have brought great challenges to the protection and research of cultural relics. In order to improve the problems of strong subjectivity and low precision of the traditional "ophthalmic" identification method, this paper combines spectroscopy with cultural relics to identify the authenticity of pottery and porcelain cultural relics. Under constant temperature and humidity conditions, four kinds of LED with different spectral bands were used as experimental light sources, two Jingdezhen moon flower winter melon porcelain vases with the same appearance and two songxianghu kiln white glazed small clay pots with the same appearance were used as cultural relics samples, and multiple feature points were selected for precision spectral detection. Treat the detection results as multidimensional vectors, calculate the Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance and Chebyshev distance between the vectors, and look for the appropriate threshold to identify the authenticity of the artifact. The results show that: First, the spectral difference between the feature points of cultural relics with the same appearance is significant, and the source of cultural relics can be accurately identified by using the spectral curve; Secondly, this paper calculates the thresholds based on Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance and Chebyshev distance for porcelain and pottery. Among them, the accuracy of identifying porcelain using a threshold based on Euclidean distance is the highest, which is 87.5%; The accuracy of identifying pottery using a threshold based on Manhattan distance was the highest, at 91.67%. By using the spectral curves and thresholds of cultural relics measured by precision spectrometers, this paper generates the spectral identity card of cultural relics. Compared with traditional cultural relics detection, the spectral dimension can better meet the needs of archaeologists for in-depth research on cultural relics.
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