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In our investigation, we employed a combination of 2-photon (2P) excited FLIM and PLIM techniques, along with timecorrelated single-photon counting (TCSPC) detection. Through this, we made a significant discovery of bromine indirubin derivatives that exhibit a PLIM/dFLIM signal in two living cell lines. Notably, indirubin is a natural dye, and though renowned for its anti-tumor properties, its mechanism of action remains to be fully investigated. Under normoxic conditions, the PLIM signal of indirubin exhibited a value of 62 ns living cells, while under hypoxic conditions, it increased significantly to 107ns. This observation demonstrates the potential of these indirubins as highly reliable oxygen consumption sensors. Moreover, our investigation revealed that bromine indirubin had a profound impact on cellular metabolism, prompting a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Through our research, we aim to demonstrate that these techniques offer valuable insights into cellular metabolism, covering the way for deeper understanding and potential breakthroughs in various fields of biology and medicine. |
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