A GMSK-based conductive intracardiac communication method

Hangling Zhang; Xusheng Zhang; Yong Xu; Yu Chen; Chang Yang; Xuce Fan; Yong Song

doi:10.1117/12.3036669

13 July 2024 A GMSK-based conductive intracardiac communication method

Hangling Zhang, Xusheng Zhang, Yong Xu, Yu Chen, Chang Yang, Xuce Fan, Yong Song

Proceedings Volume 13208, Third International Conference on Biomedical and Intelligent Systems (IC-BIS 2024); 1320813 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3036669
Event: 3rd International Conference on Biomedical and Intelligent Systems (IC-BIS 2024), 2024, Nanchang, China

Abstract

Conductive intracardiac communication (CIC) can be utilized for the synchronization of multi-chamber leadless pacemakers (LLPMs) to overcome complications arising from traditional pacemaker lead connections. Current CIC methods are mainly based on pulse modulation (PM) and On-Off Keying (OOK), which suffer from high power consumption and poor interference resilience, with transmitter output bit energy (Ebit) exceeding 5 pJ. Addressing these concerns, we proposed a method of conductive intracardiac communication based on Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK). In the transmitter, a power-optimized GMSK modulation method is employed for signal transmission. In the receiver, a variable gain amplifier is utilized for CIC signal reception, and signal recovery is achieved through low-power demodulation and bit synchronization methods. A prototype transceiver was designed for measuring the bit error ratio (BER) and transmitter output E_bit of GMSK and OOK methods in in-vitro experiments using porcine hearts as channels. The transceiver was connected to the right atrium and right ventricle via stainless steel needle electrodes. At data rates of 75-500 kbps and a BER of 1e-4, the average Ebit for OOK ranged from 0.06-0.61 pJ, whereas for GMSK, it was lower, ranging from 0.02-0.35 pJ. This study demonstrates that LLPM achieving reliable CIC using GMSK at transmission powers below 35 pW is feasible in practical channel conditions. The proposed GMSK-based CIC method is more preferable to PM and OOK due to its higher reliability and lower transmission power requirements.

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Hangling Zhang, Xusheng Zhang, Yong Xu, Yu Chen, Chang Yang, Xuce Fan, and Yong Song "A GMSK-based conductive intracardiac communication method", Proc. SPIE 13208, Third International Conference on Biomedical and Intelligent Systems (IC-BIS 2024), 1320813 (13 July 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3036669

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available

Members: $17.00

Non-members: $21.00 ADD TO CART

PROCEEDINGS
7 PAGES

DOWNLOAD PAPER SAVE TO MY LIBRARY

GET CITATION

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Get copyright permission Get copyright permission on Copyright Marketplace

KEYWORDS

Modulation

Data transmission

Transceivers

Transmitters

Demodulation

Receivers

Electrodes

Show All Keywords

Keywords/Phrases

Search In:

Publication Years