Aerospace remote sensing monitoring of inland water quality

Anatoly A. Gitelson

doi:10.1117/12.45857

1 September 1991 Aerospace remote sensing monitoring of inland water quality

Anatoly A. Gitelson

Proceedings Volume 1492, Earth and Atmospheric Remote Sensing; (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.45857
Event: Orlando '91, 1991, Orlando, FL, United States

Abstract

The potential of using remote sensing for the detection of chlorophyll-a (CHL), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and suspended matter (SM) concentrations in coastal and inland waters was investigated using near-surface measurements of upwelling and downwelling (IR) radiance spectra along with simultaneous earth-reference data obtained on the test areas. The range of CHL was 0.1 to 350 (mu) g/l, suspended matter was 0.1 to 43 mg/l, and DOM absorption at the analyzed wavelength (380 nm) was 0.1 to 10-1. Factor and signature analysis reveal allometric relationships between constituent concentrations Ck and functions of reflectance Zk of the type Ck equals aZkb. Appropriate functions of reflectance were found for the different constituents to be: Zchl1 equals R(700)/R(675), Zchl2 equals R(700)/R(560), and Zchl3 equals [R(700)-R(675)]/[R(700)+R(675)]; and Zsm1 equals [R(560)-R(520)]/[R(560)+R(520)], Zsm2 equals R(560)/R(520); and Zdom equals {R(480)+k[R(700)/R(675)]}/R(630). The maximum estimation errors were: CHL - 3 (mu) g/l, DOM - 0.065 (mu) gC/l, and SM - 4 mg/l. The parameters a and b differ significantly over different water areas for CHL, but this can be adjusted by virtue of good correlation with the averaged local value of CHL (Cchlavg). By using local correction, as in the equation Ck equals a(Cchlavg)Zb(Cchlavg), it is possible to detect CHL in water areas of different trophic states with estimation errors varied between 1.75 and 8.34 (mu) g/l. There is a wide range of wavelengths over which a simple reflectance function Z equals Ri/Rj works quite well for CHL, permitting use of even such wide-band sensors as MSS Landsat. Band combinations MSS6/MSS4 and MSS6/MSS4 + 5 + 6 are suitable for remote sensing of CHL if the value of Cchl ch

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Anatoly A. Gitelson "Aerospace remote sensing monitoring of inland water quality", Proc. SPIE 1492, Earth and Atmospheric Remote Sensing, (1 September 1991); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.45857

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