Experimental studies of proton-exchanged waveguides in lithium niobate using toluic acid

Edwin Y. B. Pun; Kwok Kwong Loi; Po Sheun Chung

doi:10.1117/12.50876

1 December 1991 Experimental studies of proton-exchanged waveguides in lithium niobate using toluic acid

Edwin Y. B. Pun, Kwok Kwong Loi, Po Sheun Chung

Proceedings Volume 1583, Integrated Optical Circuits; (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.50876
Event: OE Fiber, 1991, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

Low-loss proton-exchanged planar waveguides have been fabricated in z-cut LiNb03 using a new organic proton source: toluic acid. These waveguides exhibit a step refractive index profile with a surface index increase of 0.124 measured at 0.633/mm. The propagation loss was typically around 1 dB/cm. The diffusion constant D0 and the activation energy Q for the proton exchange process were found to be 7.02 x107 mm2/hr and 75.58 kJ/mol, respectively.

Citation Download Citation

Edwin Y. B. Pun, Kwok Kwong Loi, and Po Sheun Chung "Experimental studies of proton-exchanged waveguides in lithium niobate using toluic acid", Proc. SPIE 1583, Integrated Optical Circuits, (1 December 1991); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.50876

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