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The use of extrinsic Fizeau fiber interferometric (EFFI) sensors attached to and embedded within concrete structures is described. The sensor heads consist of hollow tubes used to align the end surfaces of fibers which form the Fizeau cavities. Interrogation using two sensor heads allows determination of axial displacement and temperature. Three dimensional arrays of sensors were embedded in concrete to allow monitoring of the fabrication process and slippage between the matrix and internal reinforcement rods. Similar arrays have been attached to a reinforced concrete bridge and used to monitor dynamic strains.
B. Kruschwitz
"Optical fiber sensors for the quantitative measurement of strain in concrete structures", Proc. SPIE 1777, First European Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, 17771E (1 May 1992); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2298073
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B. Kruschwitz, "Optical fiber sensors for the quantitative measurement of strain in concrete structures," Proc. SPIE 1777, First European Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, 17771E (1 May 1992); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2298073