Detection of CO2 laser effects on enamel using volumetric laser-induced fluorescence

Joseph R. Barron; Kenneth L. Zakariasen D.D.S.; Barry E. Paton

doi:10.1117/12.148327

21 July 1993 Detection of CO₂ laser effects on enamel using volumetric laser-induced fluorescence

Joseph R. Barron, Kenneth L. Zakariasen D.D.S., Barry E. Paton

Proceedings Volume 1880, Lasers in Orthopedic, Dental, and Veterinary Medicine II; (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.148327
Event: OE/LASE'93: Optics, Electro-Optics, and Laser Applications in Scienceand Engineering, 1993, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Abstract

The literature indicates that human dental enamel altered by CO₂ laser energy becomes less susceptible to the caries process. In addition, the reported levels of laser radiation required to facilitate this preventative effect do not produce a visible change on the enamel surface. Also, research indicates that laser-induced fluorescence may provide a modality for detecting and quantifying differences in dental enamel. This pilot study, utilizing 3D scanned laser-induced fluorescence images, was designed to determine if laser irradiated enamel could be distinguished from normal enamel. Five third molars were selected for this study (Bu surfaces). Two 1.0 mm² areas were scanned on each tooth using a scanning laser fluorescence spectrophotometer. Each scan area consisted of 20 parallel scan lines, 1.0 mm in length, spaced 50 micrometers apart. Measurements were taken at 50 micrometers intervals for a total of 400 points/scan. The results were stored in a 2D matrix format. Nine windows were then irradiated with a CO₂ laser (3 at 0.5 W, 1.5 W, 2.5 W for 0.15 sec.) and re-scanned. Three-dimensional contour images produced for each scan permitted the irradiated area to be readily identified and isolated. The non-irradiated matrix for each window (baseline) was subtracted from the corresponding irradiated matrix. The resultant image was then summed to produce a `fluorescence volume' representative of the increase in fluorescence due to the laser irradiation. We have observed a distinct fluorescence signature by the laser irradiated area. Results are presented on the correlation of laser power with fluorescence volume.

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Joseph R. Barron, Kenneth L. Zakariasen D.D.S., and Barry E. Paton "Detection of CO₂ laser effects on enamel using volumetric laser-induced fluorescence", Proc. SPIE 1880, Lasers in Orthopedic, Dental, and Veterinary Medicine II, (21 July 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.148327

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KEYWORDS

Luminescence

Laser induced fluorescence

Laser irradiation

3D image processing

Carbon dioxide lasers

Dental caries

3D scanning

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