An historical fluence analysis of the radiation environment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory and implications for continued radiation monitoring

J. M. DePasquale; P. P. Plucinsky; D. A. Schwartz

doi:10.1117/12.672233

30 June 2006 An historical fluence analysis of the radiation environment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory and implications for continued radiation monitoring

J. M. DePasquale, P. P. Plucinsky, D. A. Schwartz

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 6270, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems; 62701J (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672233
Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2006, Orlando, Florida , United States

Abstract

Now in operation for over 6 years, the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) has sampled a variety of space environments. Its highly elliptical orbit, with a 63.5 hr period, regularly takes the spacecraft through the Earth's radiation belts, the magnetosphere, the magnetosheath and into the solar wind. Additionally, the CXO has weathered several severe solar storms during its time in orbit. Given the vulnerability of Chandra's Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) to radiation damage from low energy protons, proper radiation management has been a prime concern of the Chandra team. A comprehensive approach utilizing scheduled radiation safing, in addition to both on-board autonomous radiation monitoring and manual intervention, has proved successful at managing further radiation damage. However, the future of autonomous radiation monitoring on-board the CXO faces a new challenge as the multi-layer insulation (MLI) on its radiation monitor, the Electron, Proton, Helium Instrument (EPHIN), continues to degrade, leading to elevated temperatures. Operating at higher temperatures, the data from some EPHIN channels can become noisy and unreliable for radiation monitoring. This paper explores the full implication of the loss of EPHIN to CXO radiation monitoring by evaluating the fluences the CXO experienced during 40 autonomous radiation safing events from 2000 through 2005 in various hypothetical scenarios which include the use of EPHIN in limited to no capacity as a radiation monitor. We also consider the possibility of replacing EPHIN with Chandra's High Resolution Camera (HRC) for radiation monitoring.

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J. M. DePasquale, P. P. Plucinsky, and D. A. Schwartz "An historical fluence analysis of the radiation environment of the Chandra X-ray Observatory and implications for continued radiation monitoring", Proc. SPIE 6270, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems, 62701J (30 June 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672233

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KEYWORDS

Charge-coupled devices

Observatories

X-rays

Databases

Sensors

Space operations

Environmental monitoring

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