Based on spatial data modeling, bus transit features can be represented at different levels of detail, which provides
possibility of more precise estimation of travel impedance. The simple route-stop bus data model is efficient at the macro
level and has been applied in many transport-related applications. However, a more comprehensive data model is needed
to cope with different levels of needs as well as complicated situations existing in heavily bus-oriented cities. For this
purpose, a bus transit data model is developed based on representation of transit features at the detailed spatial level.
With this data model, the impedance between any pair of routes at each transfer junction can be computed. For testing
the data model, an integrated approach is developed to identify optimal bus trips with consideration of both on-board
travel time and transfer time.
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