Contribution to the standardization of 3D measurements using a high-resolution PMD camera

Henrik Lietz; Jörg Eberhardt

doi:10.1117/12.2191042

24 September 2015 Contribution to the standardization of 3D measurements using a high-resolution PMD camera

Henrik Lietz, Jörg Eberhardt

Proceedings Volume 9628, Optical Systems Design 2015: Optical Fabrication, Testing, and Metrology V; 96281H (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191042
Event: SPIE Optical Systems Design, 2015, Jena, Germany

Abstract

Three-dimensional image acquisition is still a growing field in optical metrology. Various methods are available to reconstruct an object’s three-dimensional surface. The five main types of 3D cameras are stereo cameras, triangulation (pattern or laser scanning), interferometry, light-field cameras and ToF (time-of-flight) cameras. PMD (photonic mixing device) cameras measure the time of light, and thus belong to the field of ToF cameras. Each camera type has fields of application for which it is particularly well suited. Even within PMD cameras, there is a distinction made between applications for indoor and outdoor use. Until today, there is no method to measure and characterize 3D cameras uniformly. Desirable would be a method, which is able to measure all types of cameras equally. With this work, we want to contribute to the standardization of 3D cameras. In this case, we use a PMD camera for outdoor applications with relatively large pixels. It is shown how to determine the spatial resolution of a PMD camera from both, the amplitude and the distance image. Further, a novel method is presented how to determine the resolution enhancement in an image via gradient image evaluation. Finally, a method is proposed which evaluates the quality of resolution enhancement, when no ground truth data is available. Both are particularly interesting for the use of super-resolution (SR) applications.

Citation Download Citation

Henrik Lietz and Jörg Eberhardt "Contribution to the standardization of 3D measurements using a high-resolution PMD camera", Proc. SPIE 9628, Optical Systems Design 2015: Optical Fabrication, Testing, and Metrology V, 96281H (24 September 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191042

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KEYWORDS

Cameras

Image enhancement

Lawrencium

Image resolution

Distance measurement

Resolution enhancement technologies

Spatial resolution

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