Rapid and selective detection of persistent, highly toxic liquids, such as low volatile chemical warfare agents (CWA) continues to be a desired capability, e.g. by first responders and military personnel. An already proven general technique for detection of bulk material is Raman spectroscopy. Utilizing UV excitation wavelengths offers advantages such as separation from fluorescence, solar blindness and a high Raman cross-section. In the UV region, however, there is usually a rapid decrease in penetration depth for most liquids as the wavelength becomes shorter, generally resulting in that a smaller volume is accessible for Raman scattered photons. While this effect is a drawback in terms of signal power at the detector it may also be beneficial as interfering light from the background surface can be strongly reduced or even absent. Herein, the use of Hadamard patterned (50% transmission) masks at the entrance plane of a spectrograph are investigated for the purpose of increasing the amount of Raman scattered light onto the detector compared to slit measurements. Decoded spectra from Hadamard measurements on scenes containing hazardous material, such as low volatile CWA and simulant chemicals, are compared with slit measurements.
There is a need for time efficient evaluation methods to discriminate between viable and dead bacterial spores. In this work, the potential to use the autofluorescence from spore suspensions for evaluation of spore deactivation processes is investigated. Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus anthracis ATCC 4229 spores were exposed to UV-radiation for deactivation and the fluorescence response was monitored at different radiation doses and the deactivation was evaluated via traditional bacterial incubation on agar culture plates. For excitation wavelengths of, e.g., 280 m and 330 nm, differences in the fluorescence response could be observed for different live:dead ratios.
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