Concentration PV systems are emerging recently and primary lenses have been developed for concentrating solar
incident. Although the authors already produced 500X dome-shaped Fresnel lens, its production process was
complicated because of the shape. The objective of this study is to investigate new design method for non-imaging
Fresnel with flat upper surface so that the production can be easier. The design of prisms is formulated by means of non-linear
optimization to have maximum acceptance half angle with edge-ray principle. It is shown that designing more
than 500X flat Fresnel lens is possible. The study also presents optimal condition of lens size requiring energy payback
year to satisfy from the viewpoint of life cycle energy production and consumption.
Our paper discusses geometrical and optical concentration ratios of the optimum nonimaging arched linear Fresnel lens which we designed earlier. This is a fundamental issue, with practical implications for the design of refractive nonimaging concentrators. The deliberations yield a better understanding of the way the refractive index of the thin lens, and the refractive index of the possible dielectricum between lens and receiver, as well as light incident in the plane of the secondary acceptance half angle ψ, influence the performance of the nonimaging concentrator. Theoretical results are compared with tests of the existing prototypes of the nonimaging lens, used for the concentration of solar radiation. The novel nonimaging lens is put into the context of historic research, and is made comparable to other nonimaging concentrators, notably the Compound Parabolic Concentrator. We propose the use of a linear kaleidoskope-based secondary concentrator to achieve a uniform flux distribution and the reproduction of the spectrum of the incoming light.
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