KEYWORDS: Cartilage, Raman spectroscopy, In vivo imaging, Tissues, Tissue engineering, Systems modeling, Non-invasive medical diagnostics, Magnetic resonance imaging, Collagen
Cartilage tissue engineering (TE) is a promising osteoarthritis treatment strategy, whereby cellularized tissue constructs are implanted in cartilage defect sites to promote tissue repair. A significant impediment to developing effective TE strategies is a lack of in vivo diagnostic platforms to monitor engineered cartilage growth. Here, we utilize an ex vivo model system of chondrocyte-seeded tissue constructs, demonstrating the capability of a novel Raman arthroscopic-configured needle probe to monitor the composition and material properties of developing TE cartilage over time. This work supports Raman arthroscopy as a clinical tool for monitoring TE cartilage, providing objective assessments of TE platform efficacies.
This work investigates the capability of a novel Raman arthroscopic needle probe to assess cartilage-tissue-specific biomarkers that are predictive of articular cartilage health during the progression of osteoarthritis. Using ex vivo models of cartilage over a range of degenerative states, we demonstrate that Raman probe-derived biomarkers can predict the composition and material properties of cartilage tissue specimens. This work supports the future use of Raman arthroscopy as an intraarticular clinical platform for ‘molecular assessment’ cartilage to achieve diagnostics of osteoarthritis early in the disease process and assess the efficacy of emerging clinical therapies in restoring cartilage health.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful, debilitating disease characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. We have developed a novel multiplexed polarized, hypodermic-needle-compatible Raman arthroscope probe that can achieve intra-articular assessments of the compositional and structural changes to cartilage associated with early-stage OA, including depletion of glycosaminoglycans from the cartilage superficial regions and changes to superficial zone collagen alignment. Through ex vivo models on human and bovine cartilage, we demonstrate that using multivariate linear regression, this platform can accurately measure superficial zone cartilage GAG depletion. This work shows that Raman needle arthroscopy can provide a practical, minimally invasive, point-of-care clinical tool capable of diagnosing OA before irreparable cartilage degeneration is radiographically evident.
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