COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation (CSG) system has been conceived, according to Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Italian Ministry of Defence (It-MoD) requirements, at the twofold objective of ensuring operational continuity to the current constellation (COSMO-SkyMed - CSK), while improving functionality and performances. It is an “end-to-end” Italian Earth Observation Dual-Use (Civilian and Defence) Space System with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operating in X-Band. CSG mission planning purpose is to fully employ the system resources, shared between partners with very different needs, producing a mission plan that satisfies the higher priority requests and optimizes the overall plan with the remaining requests according to the users programming rights consumption. CSG Mission Planning tool provides new performances in terms of adaptability and flexibility of the planning and scheduling algorithms conceived to select and synchronize data acquisition and downloading activities. CSG planning and scheduling problem is characterized by a large size of research space and a particular structure of technical and managerial constraints that has led to the implementation of innovative design of the planning algorithms based on both priority criteria and saturation of system resources. This approach envisages two scheduling strategies: the rank-based and the optimization-based. The former strategy is firstly applied to the most important request categories, with an associated rank value or priority level; the latter is subsequently applied to the unranked or lower priority requests. This is an iterative dynamic process of finding optimal solutions able to better answer the demanding requirements coming from the needs of heterogeneous users.
In 2007 and 2008 ASI launched three out of four X-band SAR satellites of the COSMO-SkyMed Mission, making
available to the users a unique SAR constellation dedicated to the Earth Observation.
The constellation will be completed with the launch of the fourth satellite in 2010. The complete deployed system
consists of a constellation of four Low Earth Orbit mid-sized satellites, each equipped with a multi-mode high-resolution
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) operating at X-band.
The results coming from the utilisation of the first three satellites reveal an outstanding performance of the X-band SAR
and the importance of fast response times in several applications such as risk and emergency management and ice
monitoring.
During the tragic event of the L'Aquila earthquake CSK monitored the areas affected by the quake detecting a surface
displacement up to 19 cm. Also analyses were conducted to identify models of the fault causing the earthquake.
Wilkins Ice Shelf relevant disintegration started in 2007-2008. On April 2009 another consistent collapse occurred,
causing the brake of the ice bridge located between the Charcot Island and the Antarctic Peninsula. The phenomenon is
going ahead and main cracks appeared also in the shelf placed between Latady Island and the Antarctic Peninsula.
COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) is the largest Italian
investment in Space Systems for Earth Observation, commissioned and funded by Italian Space Agency (ASI) and
Italian Ministry of Defence (MoD). COSMO-SkyMed is a Dual-Use (Civilian and Defence) end-to-end Earth
Observation System aimed at establishing a global service supplying provision of data, products and services compliant
with well-established international standards and relevant to a wide range of applications, such as Risk Management,
Scientific and Commercial Applications and Defence Applications. The system consists of a constellation of four LEO
mid-sized satellites, each equipped with a multi-mode
high-resolution SAR operating at X-band. The first and second
COSMO-SkyMed satellites have been successfully launched the 8th of June and the 9th of December 2007 respectively,
while the remaining two satellites will be gradually deployed by the end of 2009. COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 completed
their Commissioning phase to test, verify and qualify the overall System and from the 1st of August both satellites are in
the operational phase. The results of the commissioning phase of COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 are presented together with
the Scientific Mission Exploitation strategy (i.e.: Announcement of Opportunity, Background Mission).
Conference Committee Involvement (10)
Microwave Remote Sensing: Data Processing and Applications
13 September 2021 | Online Only, Spain
Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring III
11 September 2019 | Strasbourg, France
Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring
12 September 2018 | Berlin, Germany
Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring
13 September 2017 | Warsaw, Poland
Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring
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