Compared to current radio-frequency technology, Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication holds tremendous advantages, such as higher data rates, high security, light weight, smaller size, and less power. FSO communication has attracted considerable attention for space activities. Optical antenna and Acquisition, Pointing and Tracking (APT) system are crucial technologies of FSO communication. The tasks of optical antenna include narrowing the diverging angle of transmitted beam, assure the wavefront quality of beam transmitted and received, and improve angular resolution for fine pointing. For a Chinese space mission, a 4-mirror off-axis optical system coupled with Coude path is designed. The telescope is mounted on a 2-axis gimbal mechanism to implement coarse pointing. The optical terminals were launched in 2018. The ground-to-satellite and inter-satellite bi-directional communication demonstrations are carried out successfully. The performance of the optical terminal satisfies all requirements of the mission.
When aligning telescopes is difficult to align precisely if the optical system with large view filed, long focal length and large-aperture. Application of reverse optimization analysis method to guide optical alignment in previous of computer-aided alignment has been proposed, namely, the theoretical and the numerical analysis were given by use software. Simulating of three-mirror off-axis optical system was carried out using reverse optimization method. The sensitivity matrix of the mirror directs the priority of adjustment freedom. Calculating the precision of primary alignment can not only reduce alignment time, but also providing the design proof for optic-mechanical design.
Laser communication terminal is the key point of the satellite laser communication system. In order to improve the pointing and tracking efficiency, an afocal off-axis optical system was designed for laser communication Terminal. So the precise alignment an afocal mirror telescope of all-reflective off-axis optical system is great significance. In this paper, computer-aided alignment methods utilizing Zernike polynomial coefficients have been developed for an afocal mirror telescope. The misalignment state is simulated in CODEV and computer-aided alignment software. The relation of component deflexion and the place of exit pupil have been simulated by computer model reverse optimization. At a wavelength of 632.8nm, the main characteristics are a WFE of ≤0.035nm. These results show that it can meet the precision requirement and accelerate the convergence of misalignment variables. Ultimately, the image quality and precision of exit pupil was effective operated according to the request of satellite laser communication system.
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