Numerical analysis and comparison of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structures are presented. Full vectorial finite-element method (FEM) is employed to model and compare circular, elliptical, and square air hole-based PCF structures. The key propagation features, such as phase matching, sensitivity, resolution, and confinement loss behaviors of proposed structures, are reported. The effects of geometrical and design parameters are discussed and compared thoroughly. It is found that the sensitivity of circular air hole-based structure can reach up to 4200 nm/RIU, and the sensor resolution is 2.4 × 10 − 5 RIU.
Photonic crystal fibres (PCFs) with elliptical air-holes located in the core area that exhibit high birefringence, low losses,
enhanced effective mode area, and low chromatic dispersion across a wide wavelength range have been presented. The
effects of bending on birefringence, confinement losses and chromatic dispersion of the fundamental mode of the
proposed PCFs have been thoroughly investigated by employing the full vectorial finite element method (FEM).
Additionally, localization of higher order modes is presented. Also, effects of angular orientation on bending loss have
been reported. Significant improvement on key propagation characteristics of the proposed PCFs are demonstrated by
carefully altering the desired air hole diameters and their geometries and the hole-to-hole spacing.
We have proposed a novel photonic crystal fibre (PCF), with three rings of air holes, that exhibit nearly zero ultra-flatted
and negative chromatic dispersion, and low confinement loss at a wide telecommunication window. Key PCF fabrication
parameters, such as the effects of air holes and their arrangements on the effective index, chromatic dispersion, effective
mode area, non-linear coefficient and confinement losses have been analysed by use of full vectorial finite element
method. Significant improvements of the PCF chromatic dispersion and confinement losses have been achieved when
supplementary air holes have been incorporated.
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