The upcoming Extremely Large Telescopes have the angular resolution and light collecting area that is necessary to observe biosignatures in the atmospheres of Earth-like planets. High-contrast imaging instruments will play a large role in this because observing planets directly overcomes many of the observational limitations of other exoplanet detection techniques. The influence of the bright star can be significantly reduced by spatially resolving the dim planet, allowing characterization of the planet and its atmosphere. However, the required wavefront sensing, and control (WFS&C) technologies have yet to be proven on-sky. The Magellan Adaptive Optics eXtreme (MagAO-X) instrument is a new visible to near-infrared high-contrast imaging system that operates as a testbed for the development and testing of WFS&C techniques.
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