Maintaining confidence in security documents, especially banknotes, is and remains a major concern for the central banks in order to maintain the stability of the economy around the world. In this paper we describe an image processing and pattern recognition approach which is based on the Sound-of-Intaglio principle for the usage in smart devices such as smartphones. Today, in many world regions smartphones are in use. These devices become more and more computing units, equipped with resource-limited, but effective CPUs, cameras with illumination, and flexible operating systems. Hence, it is obvious to apply smartphones for banknote authentication, especially for visually impaired persons. Our approach shows that those devices are capable of processing data under the constraints of image quality and processing power. Strictly a mobile device as such is not an industrial product for harsh environments, but it is possible to use mobile devices for banknote authentication. The concept is based on a new strategy for constructing adaptive Wavelets for the analysis of different print patterns on a banknote. Furthermore, a banknote specific feature vector is generated which describes an authentic banknote effectively under various illumination conditions. A multi-stage Lineardiscriminant- analysis classifier generates stable and reliable output.
Automatic banknote sheet cut-and-bundle machines are widely used within the scope of banknote production. Beside
the cutting-and-bundling, which is a mature technology, image-processing-based quality inspection for this type of
machine is attractive. We present in this work a new real-time Touchless Counting and perspective cutting blade quality
insurance system, based on a Color-CCD-Camera and a dual-core Computer, for cut-and-bundle applications in
banknote production. The system, which applies Wavelet-based multi-scale filtering is able to count banknotes inside a
100-bundle within 200-300 ms depending on the window size.
KEYWORDS: Inspection, Printing, Digital signal processing, Image processing, Field programmable gate arrays, Fuzzy logic, Principal component analysis, Data fusion, Data modeling, Sensors
Automatic sheet inspection in banknote production has been used as a standard quality control tool for more than a
decade. As more and more print techniques and new security features are established, total quality in bank note printing
must be guaranteed. This aspect has a direct impact on the research and development for bank note inspection systems
in general in the sense of technological sustainability. It is accepted, that print defects are generated not only by printing
parameter changes, but also by mechanical machine parameter changes, which will change unnoticed in production.
Therefore, a new concept for a multi-sensory adaptive learning and classification model based on Fuzzy-Pattern-
Classifiers for data inspection and machine conditioning is proposed. A general aim is to improve the known inspection
techniques and propose an inspection methodology that can ensure a comprehensive quality control of the printed
substrates processed by printing presses, especially printing presses which are designed to process substrates used in the
course of the production of banknotes, security documents and others. Therefore, the research and development work in
this area necessitates a change in concept for banknote inspection in general. In this paper a new generation of FPGA
(Field Programmable Gate Array) based real time inspection technology is presented, which allows not only colour
inspection on banknote sheets, but has also the implementation flexibility for various inspection algorithms for security
features, such as window threads, embedded threads, OVDs, watermarks, screen printing etc., and multi-sensory data
processing. A variety of algorithms is described in the paper, which are designed for and implemented on FPGAs. The
focus is based on algorithmic approaches.
Security features for automated processing and / or forensic identification of bank notes have proven to reliably recognize and select counterfeit bank notes in circulation. As a result of this development the decisive first line of defense is the public, where either the criminal fraternities or opportunity counterfeiters try to place their antisocial products. Therefore those security features, which fit into the range of subconscious recognition and habitual knowledge, are those of major importance in application and development. This paper tries to answer some questions how the human recognition, its well-developed functionality and how these through evolution-acquired capabilities may considerably influence the improvement of public security features in bank notes.
The authenticity checking and inspection of bank notes is a high labour intensive process where traditionally every note on every sheet is inspected manually. However with the advent of more and more sophisticated security features, both visible and invisible, and the requirement of cost reduction in the printing process, it is clear that automation is required. As more and more print techniques and new security features will be established, total quality security, authenticity and bank note printing must be assured. Therefore, this factor necessitates amplification of a sensorial concept in general.
We propose a concept for both authenticity checking and inspection methods for pattern recognition and classification for securities and banknotes, which is based on the concept of sensor fusion and fuzzy interpretation of data measures. In the approach different methods of authenticity analysis and print flaw detection are combined, which can be used for vending or sorting machines, as well as for printing machines. Usually only the existence or appearance of colours and
their textures are checked by cameras. Our method combines the visible camera images with IR-spectral sensitive sensors, acoustical and other measurements like temperature and pressure of printing machines.
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