Dr. Larry C. Andrews Profile

Dr. Larry C. Andrews

Professor Emeritus of Mathematics

SPIE Involvement:

Author | Instructor

Publications (113)

SPIE Journal Paper | 11 December 2024 Open Access

Communication performance in the focusing and saturation regimes inherent to the turbulent channel: a tutorial

Larry B. Stotts, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 63, Issue 12, 120801, (December 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.63.12.120801

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Spherical lenses, Turbulence, Plane waves, Optical communications, Optical engineering, Signal to noise ratio, Atmospheric modeling, Wave propagation, Atmospheric scintillation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 13 August 2024 Open Access

Probability density function models for adaptive optical systems operating in turbulence

Larry Stotts, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 63, Issue 08, 088101, (August 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.63.8.088101

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Turbulence, Scintillation, Free space optics, Fiber couplers, Systems modeling, Optical engineering, Ocean optics, Receivers, Point spread functions

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SPIE Journal Paper | 8 December 2023 Open Access

Optical communications in turbulence: a tutorial

Larry Stotts, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 63, Issue 04, 041207, (December 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.63.4.041207

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Scintillation, Receivers, Optical communications, Turbulence, Optical engineering, Sensors, Telecommunications, Data modeling, Signal detection

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SPIE Press Book | 15 August 2023

Laser Beam Propagation in Random Media: New and Advanced Topics

Larry Andrews, Melissa Beason

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Data modeling, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Beam wander, Beam path, Spherical lenses, Computer simulations, Collimation

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Laser Beam Propagation in Random Media: New and Advanced Topics

SPIE Journal Paper | 10 July 2020

Impact of probability density function model choice in intensity-modulation direct-detection free-space optical communication analyses

Melissa Beason, Szymon Gladysz, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 59, Issue 08, 081809, (July 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.59.8.081809

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Data modeling, Scintillation, Optical engineering, Gaussian beams, Beam propagation method, Receivers, Interference (communication), Free space optical communications

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Proceedings Article | 9 October 2019 Presentation + Paper

Statistical comparison of probability models of intensity fluctuation

Melissa Beason, Larry Andrews, Szymon Gladysz

Proceedings Volume 11153, 111530D (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2535752

KEYWORDS: Statistical modeling, Systems modeling, Data modeling, Free space optics, Beam propagation method, Telecommunications, Eye models

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Proceedings Article | 6 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

NIR extinction imaging using a single-pixel camera

Frank Sanzone, Bruce Berry, Melissa Beason, Joseph Coffaro, Jonathan Spychalsky, Franklin Titus, Robert Crabbs, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 11133, 111330T (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2526800

KEYWORDS: Mass attenuation coefficient, Digital micromirror devices, Micromirrors, Imaging systems, CCD image sensors, Sensors, Cameras, Atmospheric optics, Infrared imaging, Imaging arrays

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Proceedings Article | 6 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

Refractive index spectrum near ground level over the Space Shuttle Landing Facility

Joseph Coffaro, Jonathan Spychalsky, Bruce Berry, Melissa Beason, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Robert Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 11133, 111330O (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528050

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Vegetation, Laser beam propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Visible radiation, Atmospheric propagation

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SPIE Press Book | 4 January 2019

Field Guide to Atmospheric Optics, Second Edition

Larry Andrews

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric propagation, Scintillation, Atmospheric modeling, Wave propagation, Spherical lenses, Turbulence, Telecommunications, Systems modeling, Spatial coherence

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Field Guide to Atmospheric Optics, Second Edition

Proceedings Article | 18 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Analysis of optical turbulence evolution over the Space Shuttle Landing Facility

Joseph Coffaro, Melissa Beason, Christopher Smith, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Robert Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 10770, 107700M (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2323330

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Optical turbulence, Temperature metrology, Turbulence, Refractive index, Atmospheric modeling, Space operations, Coastal modeling, Atmospheric optics, Statistical analysis

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Proceedings Article | 18 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Near ground measurements of beam shaping and anisotropic turbulence over concrete runway and grass range

Melissa Beason, Frank Sanzone, Joseph Coffaro, Christopher Smith, Jonathon Spychalsky, Bruce Berry, Franklin Titus, Robert Crabbs, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 10770, 107700L (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2323317

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Anisotropy, Beam shaping, Gaussian beams, Mathematical modeling, Optical testing

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Proceedings Article | 18 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Near ground surface turbulence measurements and validation: a comparison between different systems

Chensheng Wu, Daniel Paulson, Miranda Van Iersel, Joseph Coffaro, Melissa Beason, Christopher Smith, Robert Crabbs, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Christopher Davis

Proceedings Volume 10770, 107700K (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322723

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Anisotropy, Scintillation, Sensors, Telecommunications, Imaging systems, Beam shaping, LIDAR, Atmospheric propagation, Systems modeling, Temperature sensors, Atmospheric turbulence, Optical turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 30 August 2017 Presentation + Paper

Study on the effect of anisotropy on a propagating beam

Melissa Beason, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 10408, 104080B (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274197

KEYWORDS: Optical turbulence, Scintillation, Spatial coherence, Atmospheric propagation, Anisotropy

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

Theoretical modeling of the MILES hit profiles in military weapon low-data rate simulators

L. Andrews, R. Phillips, C. Smith, S. Belichki, R. Crabbs, J. Cofarro, W. Fountain, F. Tucker, B. Parrish

Proceedings Volume 9979, 99790B (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238060

KEYWORDS: Mathematical modeling, Weapons, Atmospheric modeling, Estimation theory, Sensors, Target detection, Near field, Telecommunications, Signal detection, Atmospheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 4 September 2015 Paper

Enhanced backscatter analysis for long-range optical tracking in deep turbulent conditions

Christopher Smith, Sara Belichki, Joseph Coffaro, Michael Panich, Landon Splitter, Larry Andrews, Ronald Philips, David Wayne

Proceedings Volume 9614, 96140A (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2203564

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Retroreflectors, Turbulence, Data processing, Backscatter, Optical tracking, Image processing, Imaging systems, Wave propagation, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 7 October 2014 Paper

Post-image acquisition processing approaches for coherent backscatter validation

Christopher Smith, Sara Belichki, Joseph Coffaro, Michael Panich, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 9224, 92241Q (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2087113

KEYWORDS: Image processing, Atmospheric propagation, Backscatter, Beam splitters, Image enhancement, Retroreflectors, Laser beam propagation, Algorithm development, Inspection, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2014 Paper

Extended BKB model utilizing regional weather data for Cn2 measurement

Joseph Coffaro, Michael Panich, Sara Belichki, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Wayne Fountain, Frank Tucker

Proceedings Volume 9224, 922407 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2086811

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Atmospheric modeling, Climatology, Refractive index, Meteorology, Humidity, Atmospheric turbulence, Temperature sensors, Atmospheric optics, Temperature metrology

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2014 Paper

Propagation of a Gaussian-beam wave in general anisotropic turbulence

L. Andrews, R. Phillips, R. Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 9224, 922402 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2061892

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Anisotropy, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Mathematical modeling, Spatial coherence, Gaussian beams, Collimation, Laser beam propagation

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2014 Paper

Scintillation fluctuations of optical communication lasers in atmospheric turbulence

Michael Panich, Joseph Coffaro, Sara Belichki, Landon Splitter, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Wayne Fountain, Frank Tucker

Proceedings Volume 9080, 908013 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053338

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Sensors, Atmospheric turbulence, Mathematical modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Laser sources, Refractive index, Optical communications, Telecommunications, Laser optics

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2014 Paper

Image processing techniques for laser propagation through atmospheric turbulence

Sara Belichki, Landon Splitter, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Joseph Coffaro, Michael Panich

Proceedings Volume 9080, 90801A (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2053320

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Atmospheric propagation, Video, Atmospheric turbulence, Detection and tracking algorithms, Binary data, Laser beam propagation, Scintillation, Data modeling, Telecommunications

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2013 Paper

Deep turbulence propagation of a Gaussian-beam wave in anisotropic non-Kolmogorov turbulence

L. Andrews, R. Phillips, R. Crabbs, T. Leclerc

Proceedings Volume 8874, 887402 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026405

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Spatial coherence, Anisotropy, Mathematical modeling, Wave propagation, Atmospheric modeling, Statistical modeling, Earth's atmosphere

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2013 Paper

Buffer requirements of an optical communication system in atmospheric turbulence

Troy Leclerc, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Robert Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 8732, 87320A (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2016176

KEYWORDS: Telecommunications, Free space optics, Data modeling, Atmospheric turbulence, Scintillation, Receivers, Transmitters, Refractive index, Optical communications, Fourier transforms

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SPIE Press Book | 13 March 2012

Field Guide to Probability, Random Processes, and Random Data Analysis

Larry C. Andrews, Ronald L. Phillips

KEYWORDS: Probability theory, Data processing, Statistical analysis, Spectral data processing, Fourier transforms, Data analysis, Signal processing, Correlation function, Bessel functions, Imaging systems

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Field Guide to Probability, Random Processes, and Random Data Analysis

Proceedings Article | 25 February 2012 Paper

Creating a Cn2 profile as a function of altitude using scintillation measurements along a slant path

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, David Wayne, Paul Sauer, Troy Leclerc, Robert Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 8238, 82380F (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.913756

KEYWORDS: Phase modulation, Data modeling, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Transmitters, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric optics, Wave propagation, Receivers

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SPIE Press Book | 27 June 2011

Field Guide to Special Functions for Engineers

Larry Andrews

KEYWORDS: Bessel functions, Spherical lenses, Probability theory, Differential equations, Quantum mechanics, Mathematics, Adaptive optics, Atmospheric optics, Geometrical optics, Visual optics

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Field Guide to Special Functions for Engineers

Proceedings Article | 25 May 2011 Paper

Observation and analysis of aero-optic effects on the ORCA laser communication system

David Wayne, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Troy Leclerc, Paul Sauer

Proceedings Volume 8038, 80380A (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887057

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Receivers, Free space optics, Telescopes, Atmospheric propagation, Gaussian beams, Collimation, Telecommunications, Atmospheric turbulence, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2011 Paper

Analysis of fading in the propagation channel for the ORCA laser communication system

Paul Sauer, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, David Wayne, Troy Leclerc

Proceedings Volume 8038, 80380D (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887997

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Statistical modeling, Information technology, Telescopes, Telecommunications, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Statistical analysis, Turbulence, Fourier transforms

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Proceedings Article | 24 August 2010 Paper

Comparing the Log-Normal and Gamma-Gamma model to experimental probability density functions of aperture averaging data

David Wayne, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Troy Leclerc, Paul Sauer, John Stryjewski

Proceedings Volume 7814, 78140K (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.863883

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Turbulence, Scintillation, Receivers, Mathematical modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Telescopes, Modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Atmospheric turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2010 Paper

Prediction of the ground-level refractive index structure parameter from the measurement of atmospheric conditions

Troy Leclerc, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, David Wayne, Paul Sauer, Robert Crabbs

Proceedings Volume 7685, 76850A (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852426

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Temperature metrology, Atmospheric turbulence, Meteorology, Humidity, Scintillation, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 27 February 2010 Paper

Atmospheric channel characterization for ORCA testing at NTTR

L. Andrews, R. Phillips, R. Crabbs, D. Wayne, T. Leclerc, P. Sauer

Proceedings Volume 7588, 758809 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.842441

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Scintillation, Atmospheric modeling, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric scintillation, Earth's atmosphere, Receivers, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 27 February 2010 Paper

Impact of ground profile on scintillation: 50km and 200km slant paths from airplane to Antelope Peak

Italo Toselli, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, David Wayne

Proceedings Volume 7588, 75880J (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.843830

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Refractive index, Atmospheric optics, Radio propagation, Laser beam propagation, Free space optics, Radon

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2009 Paper

Performance of a FSO augmented RF mesh network

Robert Peach, Geoff Burdge, Jerry Sonnenberg, Mike Oyler, David Wayne, Larry Andrews, Ron Phillips

Proceedings Volume 7464, 74640N (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824903

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Scintillation, Receivers, Atmospheric optics, Forward error correction, Optical amplifiers, Atmospheric scintillation, Transceivers, Clocks, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2009 Paper

Near-ground vertical profile of refractive-index fluctuations

L. Andrews, R. Phillips, D. Wayne, T. Leclerc, P. Sauer, R. Crabbs, J. Kiriazes

Proceedings Volume 7324, 732402 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820369

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Optical turbulence, Turbulence, Statistical modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Earth's atmosphere, Atmospheric modeling, Phase modulation, Refractive index, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 19 August 2008 Paper

Experimental comparison of B-PPM and NRZ coding formats in a 1550nm trans-atmospheric optical communication link under deep fading conditions

Robert Peach, Geoff Burdge, Chris Visone, Jeff Wyatt, Michael Borbath, Ron Phillips, Larry Andrews, David Wayne, John Kiriazes

Proceedings Volume 7091, 70910L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.794688

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Clocks, Avalanche photodetectors, Modulation, Sensors, Transmitters, Optical communications, Atmospheric optics, Data communications

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Proceedings Article | 19 August 2008 Paper

Beam wander of a collimated beam: comparing theory and experiment

David Wayne, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Brad Griffis

Proceedings Volume 7091, 70910O (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.796503

KEYWORDS: Collimation, Atmospheric propagation, Telescopes, Receivers, Atmospheric modeling, Beam analyzers, Gaussian beams, Laser beam propagation, Turbulence, Motion analysis

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Proceedings Article | 18 April 2008 Paper

FSO communications: atmospheric effects for an airborne backbone

Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 6951, 695102 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.785861

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Scintillation, Free space optics, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Optical turbulence, Atmospheric turbulence, Wave propagation, Data communications

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Proceedings Article | 7 February 2008 Paper

Recent results on optical scintillation in the presence of beam wander

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 6878, 687802 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.768231

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Collimation, Optical simulations, Data modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Receivers, Beam propagation method, Transmitters, Wave propagation, Modulation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2008

Free-space optical system performance for laser beam propagation through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

Italo Toselli, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Valter Ferrero

OE, Vol. 47, Issue 02, 026003, (February 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2870113

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Scintillation, Signal to noise ratio, Spherical lenses, Optical engineering, Atmospheric modeling, Performance modeling, Error analysis, Free space, Atmospheric turbulence

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2008

Effects of atmospheric turbulence on the scintillation and fade probability of flattened Gaussian beams

Doris Cowan, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 47, Issue 02, 026001, (February 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2844715

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Transmitters, Transmission electron microscopy, Optical engineering, Beam propagation method, Atmospheric modeling, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 1 November 2007 Paper

Scintillation index of optical plane wave propagating through non-Kolmogorov moderate-strong turbulence

Italo Toselli, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Valter Ferrero

Proceedings Volume 6747, 67470B (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.737118

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric turbulence, Optical filters, Spectral models, Refractive index, Spatial frequencies

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2007 Paper

Free space optical system performance for laser beam propagation through non Kolmogorov turbulence for uplink and downlink paths

Italo Toselli, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Valter Ferrero

Proceedings Volume 6708, 670803 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.732595

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Scintillation, Turbulence, Spherical lenses, Free space, Atmospheric turbulence, Statistical analysis, Laser beam propagation, Laser systems engineering, Spectral models

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2007 Paper

Measuring optical turbulence parameters with a three-aperture receiver

David Wayne, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, Frida Stromömqvist Vetelino, Brad Griffis, Michael Borbath, Darren Galus, Christopher Visone

Proceedings Volume 6709, 67090L (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.735693

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Receivers, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Optical turbulence, Atmospheric scintillation, Atmospheric turbulence, Signal to noise ratio, Laser beam propagation, Refractive index

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 August 2007

Analysis of beam wander effects for a horizontal-path propagating Gaussian-beam wave: focused beam case

Jaume Recolons, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

OE, Vol. 46, Issue 08, 086002, (August 2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2772263

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Beam propagation method, Optical simulations, Beam shaping, Beam analyzers, Transmitters, Optical engineering, Collimation, Receivers, Wave propagation

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Proceedings Article | 11 May 2007 Paper

PDF models for uplink to space in the presence of beam wander

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Richard Sasiela, Ronald Parenti

Proceedings Volume 6551, 655109 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.720681

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Optical simulations, Modulation, Data modeling, Transmitters, Receivers, Atmospheric modeling, Free space optics, Numerical simulations, Near field

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2007 Paper

Angle of arrival fluctuations for free space laser beam propagation through non kolmogorov turbulence

Italo Toselli, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Valter Ferrero

Proceedings Volume 6551, 65510E (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.719033

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Spherical lenses, Free space, Laser beam propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Receivers, Spectral models, 3D modeling, Free space optical communications, Free space optics

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Proceedings Article | 12 February 2007 Paper

On the use of Gaussian filter functions for adaptive optics

Merfit Assad, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 6457, 64570Q (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.699677

KEYWORDS: Gaussian filters, Scintillation, Adaptive optics, Zernike polynomials, Atmospheric turbulence, Monochromatic aberrations, Atmospheric optics, Statistical analysis, Optical filters, Atmospheric propagation

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Proceedings Article | 6 February 2007 Paper

Free space optical system performance for laser beam propagation through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

Italo Toselli, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Valter Ferrero

Proceedings Volume 6457, 64570T (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.698707

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Signal to noise ratio, Turbulence, Spherical lenses, Free space, Atmospheric turbulence, Atmospheric modeling, Performance modeling, Laser beam propagation, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 16 October 2006 Paper

Fade statistics for Gaussian beam waves in moderate-to-strong turbulence

Frida Strömqvist Vetelino, Cynthia Young, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 6399, 639907 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.693037

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Signal detection, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Laser systems engineering, Wave propagation, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2006 Paper

Beam wander experiments: terrestrial path

R. Phillips, L. Andrews, J. Stryjewski, B. Griffis, M. Borbath, D. Galus, G. Burdge, K. Green, C. Kim, D. Stack, C. Harkrider, D. Wayne, D. Hand, J. Kiriazes

Proceedings Volume 6303, 630306 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.680501

KEYWORDS: Transmitters, Cameras, Transmission electron microscopy, Scanning probe lithography, Video, Temperature metrology, Turbulence, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Receivers

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 July 2006

Strehl ratio and scintillation theory for uplink Gaussian-beam waves: beam wander effects

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Richard Sasiela, Ronald Parenti

OE, Vol. 45, Issue 07, 076001, (July 2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2219470

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Collimation, Optical simulations, Transmitters, Receivers, Beam propagation method, Atmospheric propagation, Optical engineering, Wave propagation, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Modeling the PDF for the irradiance of an uplink beam in the presence of beam wander

Ronald Parenti, Richard Sasiela, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 6215, 621508 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.666547

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Near field, Distortion, Wave propagation, Beam propagation method, Data modeling, Transmitters, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Propagation of flattened Gaussian beams in the atmosphere: a comparison of theory with a computer simulation model

Doris Cowan, Jaume Recolons, Larry Andrews, Cynthia Young

Proceedings Volume 6215, 62150B (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669601

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Atmospheric modeling, Transmitters, Computer simulations, Transmission electron microscopy, Free space, Beam shaping

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2006 Paper

PDF models of the irradiance fluctuations in Gaussian beam waves

Frida Strömqvist Vetelino, Jaume Recolons, Larry Andrews, Cynthia Young, Bradley Clare, Kerry Corbett, Kenneth Grant

Proceedings Volume 6215, 62150A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665670

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Wave propagation, Modulation, Receivers, Optical simulations, Beam propagation method, Numerical simulations

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SPIE Press Book | 16 September 2005

Laser Beam Propagation through Random Media, Second Edition

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Wave propagation, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Spherical lenses, Turbulence, Transmitters, Collimation, Atmospheric optics, Beam propagation method

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Laser Beam Propagation through Random Media, Second Edition

Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

Characterization of the Shuttle Landing Facility as a laser range for testing and evaluation of EO systems

Frida Stromqvist Vetelino, Michael Borbath, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Geoffrey Burdge, Peter Chin, Darren Galus, David Wayne, Robert Pescatore, Doris Cowan, Frederick Thomas

Proceedings Volume 5891, 589101 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.619466

KEYWORDS: Wind measurement, Surface roughness, Turbulence, Receivers, Refractive index, Atmospheric propagation, Transmitters, Temperature metrology, Fourier transforms, Atmospheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

Measurements of aperture averaging on bit-error-rate

Gary Bastin, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Richard Nelson, Bobby Ferrell, Michael Borbath, Darren Galus, Peter Chin, William Harris, Jose Marin, Geoffrey Burdge, David Wayne, Robert Pescatore

Proceedings Volume 5891, 589102 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.619459

KEYWORDS: Phase modulation, Receivers, Signal to noise ratio, Scintillation, Free space optics, Transmitters, Modulation, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Interference (communication)

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2005 Paper

Scintillation: theory vs. experiment

Frida Stromqvist Vetelino, Cynthia Young, Larry Andrews, Kenneth Grant, Kerry Corbett, Bradley Clare

Proceedings Volume 5793, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.603992

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Receivers, Optical testing, Refractive index, Atmospheric optics, Scattering, Sensors, Defense and security

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2005 Paper

Beam wander effects on the scintillation index of a focused beam

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Richard Sasiela, Ronald Parenti

Proceedings Volume 5793, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.604855

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Collimation, Optical simulations, Transmitters, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Wave propagation, Gaussian beams, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2005 Paper

Mean irradiance: experimental and theoretical results

Aaron Masino, Cynthia Young, Larry Andrews, Kenneth Swanger, Frida Stromqvist Vetelino, Kenneth Grant, Kerry Corbett, Bradley Clare

Proceedings Volume 5793, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.604323

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Receivers, Atmospheric optics, Scintillation, Optical turbulence, Refractive index, Transmitters, Defense and security, Laser systems engineering, Laser beam propagation

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2004 Paper

A user-friendly software package for predicting atmospheric turbulence effects on laser beam propagation

Jennifer Hegarty, John Schroeder, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5552, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558698

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric modeling, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation engineering, Scintillation, Laser beam propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Wave propagation, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 16 June 2004 Paper

Free-space optical communication link and atmospheric effects: single aperture and arrays

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5338, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.556737

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Signal to noise ratio, Receivers, Scintillation, Telecommunications, Sensors, Atmospheric optics, Interference (communication), Signal detection, Spherical lenses

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Proceedings Article | 6 February 2004 Paper

Lidar model for a rough-surface target: method of partial coherence

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5237, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.515086

KEYWORDS: Speckle, Sensors, Scintillation, Receivers, Mathematical modeling, Reflectors, Atmospheric turbulence, Target detection, LIDAR, Atmospheric propagation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2004

Model for a partially coherent Gaussian beam in atmospheric turbulence with application in Lasercom

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

OE, Vol. 43, Issue 02, (February 2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1636185

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Scintillation, Atmospheric modeling, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric turbulence, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric scintillation, Signal to noise ratio, Systems modeling

Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

Annular Gaussian beams in turbulent media

Frida Stromqvist Vetelino, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507774

KEYWORDS: Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Free space, Scintillation, Collimation, Turbulence, Transmitters, Atmospheric turbulence, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

Effect of partially coherent quasi-monochromatic Gaussian beam on probability of fade

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504174

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Diffusers, Scintillation, Free space optics, Atmospheric turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Gaussian beams, Receivers, Atmospheric modeling, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

Analysis of fading for a free-space optical communication link subject to atmospheric scintillation

John Kiriazes, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507713

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Atmospheric modeling, Scintillation, Atmospheric scintillation, Optical communications, Bismuth, Remote sensing, Free space optical communications, Atmospheric optics, Receivers

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

Laser communications utilizing the Molniya satellite orbit

Russell Thornton, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507460

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Satellite communications, Laser communications, Transmitters, Antennas, Turbulence, Earth's atmosphere, Telecommunications, Signal attenuation, Scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

Fading effects due to scintillation caused by atmospheric turbulence in a wireless optical communication link

Roger Halbing, Craig Hershberger, John Stalder, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.508800

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Probability theory, Receivers, Atmospheric turbulence, Free space optics, Turbulence, Vegetation, Transmitters, Data modeling, Wireless communications

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2003 Paper

Laser radar in turbulent atmosphere: effect of target with arbitrary roughness on second- and fourth-order statistics of Gaussian beam

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 5086, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.486785

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Spherical lenses, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Atmospheric modeling, LIDAR, Reflectors, Wave propagation, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 30 April 2003 Paper

Phase diffuser at the transmitter for lasercom link: effect of partially coherent beam on the bit-error rate

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4976, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.473178

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Signal to noise ratio, Turbulence, Atmospheric modeling, Transmitters, Scintillation, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric scintillation, Wave propagation

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SPIE Press Book | 22 April 2003

Mathematical Techniques for Engineers and Scientists

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

KEYWORDS: Transform theory, Fourier transforms, Bessel functions, Astatine, Differential equations, Calculus, Vector spaces, Convolution, Particles, Optical engineering, Optical communications, Optical imaging

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Mathematical Techniques for Engineers and Scientists

Proceedings Article | 9 December 2002 Paper

Effects on pulse-position modulation for laser communication in the presence of atmospheric scintillation

John Kiriazes, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 4821, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450639

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Scintillation, Atmospheric scintillation, Receivers, Turbulence, Polonium, Channel projecting optics, Atmospheric modeling, Telecommunications, Stochastic processes

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Proceedings Article | 9 December 2002 Paper

Speckle propagation through atmospheric turbulence: effects of a random phase screen at the source

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4821, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.452054

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Sensors, Wave propagation, Speckle, Atmospheric scintillation, Free space, Beam propagation method

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Proceedings Article | 29 July 2002 Paper

Speckle propagation through atmospheric turbulence: effects of partial coherence of the target

Olga Korotkova, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 4723, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.476417

KEYWORDS: Speckle, Atmospheric turbulence, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, LIDAR, Surface roughness, Spherical lenses, Retroreflectors, Correlation function

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Proceedings Article | 28 February 2002 Paper

Theory of optical scintillation: Gaussian-beam wave model

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, R. Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4678, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.458427

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Wave propagation, Atmospheric propagation, Spatial coherence, Spatial frequencies, Turbulence, Spherical lenses, Information operations, Data modeling, Optical filters

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Proceedings Article | 22 January 2002 Paper

Impact of scintillation on laser communication systems: recent advances in modeling

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4489, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453235

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Signal to noise ratio, Receivers, Sensors, Atmospheric propagation, Signal detection, Laser systems engineering, Atmospheric modeling, Wave propagation, Telecommunications

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 August 2001

Mathematical model for the irradiance probability density function of a laser beam propagating through turbulent media

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, R. Phillips

OE, Vol. 40, Issue 08, (August 2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1386641

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Data modeling, Mathematical modeling, Wave propagation, Spherical lenses, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Modulation, Optical engineering, Telecommunications

SPIE Press Book | 20 July 2001

Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Cynthia Young

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Wave propagation, Receivers, Spherical lenses, Signal to noise ratio, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Turbulence, Sensors, Atmospheric modeling

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Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications

Proceedings Article | 20 June 2001 Paper

Double-pass fade statistics of a laser beam under moderate to strong atmospheric turbulence

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4272, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.430787

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Scintillation, Wave propagation, Receivers, Atmospheric turbulence, Modulation, Transmitters, Laser beam propagation, LIDAR, Gaussian beams

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 December 2000

Scintillation model for a satellite communication link at large zenith angles

Larry Andrews, R. Phillips, Cynthia Young

OE, Vol. 39, Issue 12, (December 2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1327839

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Satellites, Spherical lenses, Satellite communications, Systems modeling, Receivers, Transmitters, Modulation, Wave propagation, Telecommunications

Proceedings Article | 5 September 2000 Paper

Scintillation of a gaussian beam reflected by a point target

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, R. Phillips

Proceedings Volume 4035, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.397795

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Transmitters, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Receivers, LIDAR, Channel projecting optics, Beam propagation method, Free space optics

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Proceedings Article | 13 June 2000 Paper

Mean fade-time of an optical communication channel under moderate-to-strong atmospheric turbulence

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 3914, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.388038

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric modeling, Optical communications, Atmospheric optics, Statistical modeling, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Fourier transforms, Channel projecting optics, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 14 April 2000 Paper

Mean fade time of an optical communication channel under moderate-to-strong atmospheric turbulence

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 3927, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.382077

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric modeling, Optical communications, Atmospheric optics, Statistical modeling, Atmospheric propagation, Scintillation, Information operations, Atmospheric turbulence, Fourier transforms, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 10 December 1999 Paper

Aperture averaging and the temporal spectrum of optical scintillations

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips, Cynthia Young

Proceedings Volume 3866, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.371315

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Wave propagation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Spatial coherence, Linear filtering, Atmospheric optics, Sensors, Geometrical optics, Mathematics

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 1999 Paper

Fade statistics associated with a space/ground laser communication link at large zenith angles

Larry Andrews, Cynthia Young, Ammar Al-Habash, Ronald Phillips, Deborah Tjin-Tham-Sjin

Proceedings Volume 3763, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363622

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Systems modeling, Satellites, Atmospheric propagation, Modulation, Receivers, Turbulence, Satellite communications, Transmitters, Atmospheric modeling

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Proceedings Article | 3 August 1999 Paper

Optical scintillation of a Gaussian beam in moderate-to-strong irradiance fluctuations

Cynthia Young, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 3706, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.356951

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Wave propagation, Spherical lenses, Optical turbulence, Collimation, Spatial frequencies, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Optical filters

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Proceedings Article | 3 August 1999 Paper

New mathematical model for the intensity PDF of a laser beam propagating through turbulent media

Ammar Al-Habash, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 3706, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.356978

KEYWORDS: Information operations, Atmospheric propagation, Laser beam propagation, Mathematical modeling, Wave propagation, Turbulence, Modulation, Scintillation, Data modeling, Stochastic processes

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Proceedings Article | 23 June 1999 Paper

New theory of optical scintillation for moderate to strong fluctuations

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 3609, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.351046

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Spherical lenses, Wave propagation, Atmospheric propagation, Scattering, Satellites, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric modeling, Spatial coherence, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 1999 Paper

Comparison of new theoretical models with field data for double-passage laser beam propagation

Ammar Al-Habash, Jing Xu, Arnaud Delaval, R. Glenn Sellar, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews, C. Martin Stickley

Proceedings Volume 3707, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.351393

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Receivers, Probability theory, Data modeling, Wave propagation, Atmospheric propagation, Signal detection, Laser beam propagation, Statistical analysis, Atmospheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 26 April 1999 Paper

Carrier-to-noise ratio gain factor of coherent array detection system for laser radar and communications under different conditions of atmospheric turbulence

Jing Xu, Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 3615, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.346192

KEYWORDS: Detector arrays, Atmospheric turbulence, Speckle, Signal detection, Turbulence, Telecommunications, Atmospheric propagation, LIDAR, Laser communications, Statistical analysis

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Proceedings Article | 26 April 1999 Paper

New scheme of coherent array detection to cancel out phase fluctuations and Doppler frequency shift due to atmospheric turbulence and target movement for laser communications

Jing Xu, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 3615, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.346195

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Polarization, Detector arrays, Transmitters, Doppler effect, Atmospheric turbulence, Laser communications, Signal detection, Target detection, Telecommunications

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Proceedings Article | 26 April 1999 Paper

Experimental comparison of coherent array detection and conventional coherent detection for laser radar and communications

Jing Xu, Arnaud Delaval, R. Glenn Sellar, Ammar Al-Habash, Pete Reardon, Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 3615, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.346203

KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Detector arrays, Receivers, Laser communications, Speckle, LIDAR, Telecommunications, Atmospheric turbulence, Turbulence, Scintillation

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SPIE Press Book | 18 March 1999

Integral Transforms for Engineers

Larry Andrews, Bhimsen Shivamoggi

KEYWORDS: Integral transforms, Transform theory, Fourier transforms, Mathematics, Optical engineering, Physical sciences, Physics

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Proceedings Article | 3 November 1998 Paper

Fade statistics associated with a space/ground coherent receiver array

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 3433, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.330239

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Scintillation, Telecommunications, Satellites, Multi-element lenses, Fourier transforms, Atmospheric optics, Laser communications, Laser optics, Laser damage threshold

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Proceedings Article | 27 May 1998 Paper

Temporal broadening of ultrashort space-time Gaussian pulses with applications in laser satellite communication

Deborah Tjin-Tham-Sjin, Cynthia Young, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 3266, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.308711

KEYWORDS: Near field, Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Turbulence, Satellite communications, Near field optics, Laser applications, Laser optics, Optical turbulence, Atmospheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 January 1998 Paper

Carrier-to-noise ratio for an equal-gain coherent laser radar receiver array system: theory and experiment

Larry Andrews, Deborah Kelly, Ronald Phillips, Arthur Weeks, James Harvey, Jing Xu, Chie Gagge, Ali Notash, Giovanni Luvera, R. Glenn Sellar

Proceedings Volume 3219, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.298052

KEYWORDS: Receivers, LIDAR, Heterodyning, Optical arrays, Sensors, Transceivers, Optical fibers, Phase compensation, Ferroelectric materials, Electronics

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SPIE Press Book | 24 November 1997

Special Functions of Mathematics for Engineers, Second Edition

Larry Andrews

KEYWORDS: Mathematics, Physical sciences, Applied mathematics, Telecommunications, Electro optics, Wave propagation, Electromagnetic theory, Quantum mechanics

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Special Functions of Mathematics for Engineers, Second Edition

Proceedings Article | 6 August 1997 Paper

Experimental verification and theory of CNR gain for an eight-element multiple-aperture coherent laser receiver

Arthur Weeks, Ronald Phillips, Jing Xu, Kevin Gamble, Chie Gagge, K. Lewis, Giovanni Luvera, Ali Notash, Patrick Thompson, James Harvey, R. Glenn Sellar, C. Martin Stickley, Larry Andrews, Deborah Tjin-Tham-Sjin, John Stryjewski

Proceedings Volume 3065, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.280997

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Signal detection, Atmospheric turbulence, Sensors, Speckle, Transmitters, Atmospheric propagation, Interference (communication), Laser optics, Laser communications

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Proceedings Article | 6 January 1997 Paper

Pointing errors and fade statistics associated with a laser satellite communication system

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 2956, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.263165

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Satellites, Error analysis, Transmitters, Receivers, Fourier transforms, Spherical lenses, Laser systems engineering, Channel projecting optics, Satellite communications

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Proceedings Article | 14 October 1996 Paper

Monostatic propagation channel enhanced backscatter effects: a comparison of refractive spectral models

Larry Andrews, Ronald Phillips

Proceedings Volume 2828, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.254166

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Retroreflectors, Spherical lenses, Scintillation, Reflectors, Correlation function, Backscatter, Atmospheric optics, Spectral models, Atmospheric propagation

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Proceedings Article | 14 October 1996 Paper

Analysis of a satellite communication channel: optical scintillations and fade statistics

Ronald Phillips, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 2828, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.254167

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Satellites, Transmitters, Receivers, Channel projecting optics, Spherical lenses, Satellite communications, Error analysis, Statistical analysis, Laser development

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 1995

Aperture averaging of optical scintillations based on a spectrum with high wave number bump

Erich Bass, Brian Lackovic, Larry Andrews

OE, Vol. 34, Issue 01, (January 1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/12.184051

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Spherical lenses, Modulation transfer functions, Spectral models, Receivers, Turbulence, Wave propagation, Numerical integration, Mathematical modeling, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 21 December 1994 Paper

Propagation through complex optical systems: a phase-screen analysis

Larry Andrews, Walter Miller, Jennifer Ricklin

Proceedings Volume 2312, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.197366

KEYWORDS: Wave propagation, Scintillation, Gaussian beams, Beam propagation method, Turbulence, Receivers, Analytical research, Laser optics, Refractive index, Optical simulations

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Proceedings Article | 21 December 1994 Paper

Optical turbulence effects on focused laser beams: new results

Jennifer Ricklin, Walter Miller, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 2312, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.197370

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Optical turbulence, Transmitters, Atmospheric propagation, Beam propagation method, Receivers, Gaussian beams, Free space, Spherical lenses, Beam analyzers

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Proceedings Article | 29 June 1994 Paper

Effects of a modified spectrum on the wave structure function of a Gaussian beam

Larry Andrews, Cynthia Young

Proceedings Volume 2222, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.178049

KEYWORDS: Gaussian beams, Spectral models, Turbulence, Spatial coherence

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Proceedings Article | 29 June 1994 Paper

Effect of a modified spectrum on aperture averaging of optical scintillation

Erich Bass, Brian Lackovic, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 2222, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.178048

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Spherical lenses, Spectral models, Numerical integration

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 1993 Paper

New results concerning Gaussian beam wave propagation

Larry Andrews, Walter Miller, Jennifer Ricklin

Proceedings Volume 1968, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.154824

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Wave propagation, Gaussian beams, Beam propagation method, Transmitters, Remote sensing, Turbulence, Collimation, Optical turbulence, Phase shifts

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 1993 Paper

Mutual coherence function based on a bump spectrum for refractive index fluctuations

Cynthia Young, Deborah Howard, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 1968, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.154846

KEYWORDS: Gaussian beams, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Spatial coherence, Remote sensing, Spectral models, Beam propagation method, Spherical lenses, Receivers, Refractive index

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 1992 Paper

Irradiance variance for convergent Gaussian beams using nondimensional beam parameters

Jennifer Ricklin, Walter Miller, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 1688, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.137913

KEYWORDS: Gaussian beams, Transmitters, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Collimation, Wave propagation, Optical turbulence, Remote sensing, Beam propagation method, Spherical lenses

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Proceedings Article | 1 August 1992 Paper

Nondimensional beam parameters and the wave structure function

Larry Andrews, Walter Miller, Jennifer Ricklin

Proceedings Volume 1688, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.137908

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Collimation, Wave propagation, Transmitters, Gaussian beams, Spherical lenses, Beam propagation method, Receivers, Remote sensing, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1991 Paper

Expressions for the spherical-wave-structure function based on a bump spectrum model for the index of refraction

Christina Richardson, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 1487, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.46546

KEYWORDS: Spherical lenses, Protactinium, Wave propagation, Ions, Atmospheric propagation, Refractive index, Atmospheric optics, Geometrical optics, Data modeling, Information operations

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1991 Paper

New look at bump spectra models for temperature and refractive-index fluctuations

Elizabeth Sisterman, Larry Andrews

Proceedings Volume 1487, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.46575

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Wave propagation, Turbulence, Atmospheric propagation engineering, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric turbulence, Analog electronics, Refractive index

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 1990 Paper

New expressions for the phase structure function based on a new spectrum model for the index of refraction

Larry Andrews, Sylvana Vester

Proceedings Volume 1312, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.21891

KEYWORDS: Wave propagation, Atmospheric propagation engineering, Atmospheric modeling, Polonium, Data modeling, Electro optical modeling, Refractive index, Atmospheric propagation, Atmospheric optics, Coherence (optics)

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Showing 5 of 113 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (37)

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans XI

22 August 2022 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans X

3 August 2021 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans IX

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VIII

13 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VII

20 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VI

8 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans V

30 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans IV

10 August 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans III

17 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans II

26 August 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans

13 August 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric and Oceanic Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves VI

24 January 2012 | San Francisco, California, United States

Free-Space and Atmospheric Laser Communications XI

24 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation VIII

26 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Atmospheric and Oceanic Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves V

25 January 2011 | San Francisco, California, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications X

2 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation VII

6 April 2010 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Atmospheric and Oceanic Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves IV

25 January 2010 | San Francisco, California, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications IX

2 August 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation VI

14 April 2009 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Atmospheric Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves III

26 January 2009 | San Jose, California, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications VIII

10 August 2008 | San Diego, California, United States

Fifteenth International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics/Atmospheric Physics

22 June 2008 | Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Atmospheric Propagation V

18 March 2008 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Atmospheric Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves II

21 January 2008 | San Jose, California, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications VII

28 August 2007 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation IV

11 April 2007 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Atmospheric Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves

24 January 2007 | San Jose, California, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications VI

15 August 2006 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation III

20 April 2006 | Orlando (Kissimmee), Florida, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications V

31 July 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation II

29 March 2005 | Orlando, Florida, United States

In Memory of Academician Vladimir E. Zuev: A Legacy in Atmospheric Optics

6 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Free-Space Laser Communications IV

2 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Atmospheric Propagation II

29 January 2004 | San Jose, Ca, United States

Free-Space Laser Communication and Active Laser Illumination III

4 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Atmospheric Propagation

29 January 2003 | San Jose, CA, United States

Showing 5 of 37 Conference Committees

Course Instructor

SC188: Laser Beam Propagation for Applications in Laser Communications, Laser Radar, and Active Imaging

This course describes beam wave propagation through optical turbulence. Satellite communication systems, laser radar, remote sensing, and adaptive optics are some of the applications affected by optical turbulence. Tractable analytic equations are provided for calculating Gaussian-beam wave statistical quantities affecting system performance. The mutual coherence function (MCF), mean intensity, degree of coherence, and intensity fluctuations (scintillation) are presented. Videos of actual experiments show how to gather data. Examples are presented using MATHEMATICA software programs. Copies of these programs are available in the text.

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