Computer-assisted surgery aims at a decreased surgical risk and a reduced recovery time of patients. However, its use is still limited to complex cases because of the high effort. It is often caused by the extensive medical image analysis. Especially, image segmentation requires a lot of manual work. Surgeons and radiologists are suffering from usability problems of many workstations.
In this work, we present a dedicated workplace for interactive segmentation integratd within the CHILI (tele-)radiology system. The software comes with a lot of improvements with respect to its graphical user interface, the segmentation process and the segmentatin methods. We point out important software requirements and give insight into the concepts which were implemented. Further examples and applications illustrate the software system.
We propose a procedure for the intraoperative generation of attributed relational vessel graphs. It builds the prerequisite for a vessel-based registration of a virtual, patient-individual, preoperative, three-dimensional liver model with the intraopeatively deformed liver by graph matching. An image processing pipeline is proposed to extract an abstract representation of the vascular anatomy from intraoperatively acquired three-dimensional ultrasound. The procedure is transferable to other vascularized soft tissues like the brain or the kidneys. We believe that our approach is suitable for intraoperative application as basis for efficient vessel-based registration of the surgical volume of interest. By reducing the problem of intraoperative registration in visceral surgery to the mapping of corresponding attributed relational vessel graphs a fast and reliable registration seems feasible even in the depth of deformed vascularized soft tissues like in human livers.
In this contribution a postprocessing method is introduced that enables dynamic accuracy examinations of position and angle measurements of two not interfering localizing systems describing the same subspace of Euclidian R3. Furthermore, the method can be used for realization of a hybrid localizing system given a common temporal synchronization of the measurements. Therewith, this article provides a flexible method for examining the influence of the operating room on magnetic tracking by dynamic comparison with reference measurements of an optical localizing system.
A substantial component of an image-guided surgery system (IGSS) is the kind of three-dimensional (3D) presentation to the surgeon because the visual depth perception of the complex anatomy is of significant relevance for orientation. Therefore, we examined for this contribution four different visualization techniques, which were evaluated by eight surgeons. The IGSS developed by our group supports the intraoperative orientation of the surgeon by presenting a visualization of the spatially tracked surgical instruments with respect to vitally important intrahepatic vessels, the tumor, and preoperatively calculated resection planes. In the preliminary trial presented here, we examined the human ability to perceive an intraoperative virtual scene and to solve given navigation tasks. The focus of the experiments was to measure the ability of eight surgeons to orientate themselves intrahepatically and to transfer the perceived virtual spatial relations to movements in real space. With auto-stereoscopic visualization making use of a prism-based display the navigation can be performed faster and more accurate than with the other visualization techniques.
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