KEYWORDS: CMOS technology, Image processing, Image sensors, Digital signal processing, Photodiodes, Sensors, Medical imaging, Signal to noise ratio, Digital filtering, Modulation, Semiconducting wafers, Double positive medium, Analog electronics, Transistors, Digital electronics
This paper presents a digital pixel sensor (DPS) integrating a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) at pixel level. The digital pixel includes a photodiode, a delta-sigma modulation and a digital decimation filter. It features adaptive dynamic range and multiple resolutions (up to 10-bit) with a high linearity. A specific row decoder and column decoder are also designed to permit to read a specific pixel chosen in the matrix and its neighborhood of 4 x 4. Finally, a complete design with the CMOS 130 nm 3D-IC FaStack Tezzaron technology is also described, revealing a high fill-factor of about 80%.
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