Humeral head (top of arm bone) defect has been diagnosed subjectively by physician. Therefore, it is required to
develop a quantitative evaluation method of those defects. In this paper, we propose a quantitative diagnostic method for
evaluating humeral head defects by comparing the shapes of the left and right humeral heads. The proposed method is
composed of three steps. In the first step, the contour of humerus is extracted from a set of multi-slice CT images by
using thresholding technique and active contour model. In the second step, the three-dimensional (3-D) surface model of
humerus is reconstructed from extracted contours. In the third step, the reconstructed 3-D shape of left and right humerus
is superimposed each other, and then the non-overlapped part is recognized as the defect part. This idea is based on the
assumption that human bone structure is symmetrical each other. Finally, the shape of visualized defect part is analyzed
by principal component analysis, and we consider that those obtained principal components and contributions represent
the feature of the defect part. In this research, seven sets of shoulder multi-slice CT images are analyzed and evaluated.
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